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1.3 Page 3

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ANNUAL REPORT-1989

CONTENTS

2.1

2.1.1

2.1.2

2.1.3

2.1.4

2.1.S

2.1.6

2.2

2.2.1

2.2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.4

3.1

3.tl

3.1.2

3.1.3

3.1.4

3.1.S

3.1.6

INTRODUCTION

........................................................................................... 1

TIIB FISHING INDUSTRY ................................................................................... 2

TlIE INDUSTRIAL TUNA FISllERY.......................................... 2

TUNA LANDINGS

POLE AND LINE VESSELS.....................................2

LONGLINE VESSE~ ............................................... 2

PURSE-SEINE VESSELS ..........................................2

PACIFIC FISHING COMPANY ..............................2

TUNA PROCESSING AND SALES

CANNED TUNA .........................................................3

FISHMEAL PRODUCTION.....................................3

THE ARTISANAL FISHERY......................................................... 3

PRODUCTION .................,.......................................... 3

MARKETING .............................................................. 4

THE SUBSISTENCE FISIIERY .....................................................4

AQUACULTURE ............................................................................. 4

EXPORTS ......................................................................................... 5

IMPORTS .........................................................................................5

SUMMARY OFTOTALFISHPRODUCTION.......................... 5

THE FISHERIES DIVISION ................................................................................. 7

ADMINISTRATION ......................................................................... 7

PERSONNEL ...............................................................7

AID PERSONNEL ...................................................... 7

TRAINING RECEIVED ...........................................7

FINANCE ...................................................................... 9

EXPENDITURE

REVENUE

VESSELS .......................................................................9

VEHICLES .................................................................. 9

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

3.1.7

3.2

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.2.4

3.2.5

3.2.6

3.2.7

3.3

3.4

3.4.1

3.4.2

3.4.3

3.4.4

3.4.5

3.4.6

3.4.7

3.4.8

3.4.9

3.4.10

3.4.11

3.4.12

3.4.13

3.5

3.6

BUILDINGS & PLAN1'.............................................. 10

TECHNICAL/EXTENSION...................................... 10

BOAT BUILDING ......................................................10

FDB LOAN ASSESSMENT....................................... 10

FISHING GEAR SALES ............................................ 10

ICE PRODUCTION.................................................... 10

REGULATORY WORK............................................11

FISH PROCESSING UNIT........................................11

TRAINING GIVEN.....................................................11

EXTENSION SERVICES ................................................................. 12

RESOURCE ASSESSMENT AND DEVELOPMENT .............. 12

COLLECTION OF PRODUCTION DATA........... 12

CATCH STATISTICS ................................................. 12

FISHERY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ............12

COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ..................... 12

FAD DEPLOY1IBNT................................................. 12

DEEPWATER SNAPPER ......................................... 13

GIANT CLAM PROJECT ......................................... 13

SEAWEED CULTURE ............................................ 13

FR.ESIIWATER FISHERIES ....................................13

MACROBRACHIUM CULTURE ..........................13

PRODUCTION OF MAJOR CARPS ..................... 13

RED TILAPIA ............................................................. 14

RURAL AQUACULTURE PROGRAMME ........ 14

INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SERVICES ........................... 14

INTERNATIONAL LINKAGES ....................................,............... 14

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.

Table 2.

Table 3.

Table 4.

Table 5.

Table 6.

PAFCO LANDINGS ......................................................................................... 2

FISI:IERMEN BY DIVISION ................................................................................. 3

VESSELS BY DMSION ........................................................................................ 3

LOCAL FISH PRODUCTION .............................................................................. 6

STAFF STRUCTURE ......................................................................................... 9

DIVISIONAL EXPENDITURE ............................................................................ 8

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

Table 7.

Table 8.

Table 9.

.DMSIONAL REVENUE ...................................................................................... 8

FISHING GEAR SALES ......................................................................................... 11

ICE PRODUCTION

11 •••••••~••••••••••••••••••••••••..•••••U•..••••....+1••••..•••••••11+1• +11••••••..•••••••••••••••

LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES

Figure 1

Figure2

Figure3

Figure 4

Figure5

Figure6

Figure 7

Figure8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Domestic commercial fish production 1978-89

Domestic commercial non.fish production 1978-89

Total domestic fish supply 1978-1989

Total catch from Fiji waters 1978-1989

Domestic Marketing Structure 1978 vs 1989

Domestic Fishery production as GDP

External Fisheries trade balance

Fishing Licences, vessels & crew 1978-1989

Ice production by Fisheries Division 1978-1989

Consumption per head

LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES

Table 1

Table2

Table 3a

rable3b

Table 4

Table5

Table 6

Table7

Table 8

Table 9

Table 10

Table 11

Table 12

Table 13

Table 14

Table 15

Unloading quantity by boat (PAFCO)

Unloading quantity by species (PAFCO)

Glossary of Fijian food fish names

Glossary of Fijian non-fish names

Price of fish at municipal markets

Price of non-fish at municipal markets

Volume of fish at municipal markets

Volume of non-fish at municipal markets

Fish sales by Division

Non-fish sales by Division

Fish volume at other outlets

Non-fish volume at other outlets

Summary of domestic commercial sales

Exports

Re-exports

Imports

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

1. INTRODUCTION

This report provides details of Fiji fisheries sector production during the calendar year 1989; together with

a summary of the activities of the Fisheries Division during this period.

1989 was the fourth year of the Development Plan 9 period (1986-1990). The major thrust of Government

policy during D:P8 was to encourage fisheries development for subsistence, commercial and industrial

purposes. The objectives of the fisheries sector during DP9 are to:

• generate further employment opportunities in the exploitation and processing of marine products.

• increase production to satisfy local demand for fish and other marine fish products.

• increase value added to fish production for export.

• regulate and control the exploitation of fin and non- fin fishery products.

Within these broad guidelines there is a continual process of policy review, and several major changes in

the Fiji fishing industry since DP9 was formulated have necessitated some revision of specific priorities.

The recent unprecedented increase in the domestic longline fleet has made the.provision of suitable fish-

ing port facilities and infrastructure an urgent necessity, and the rapid increase in fisheries sector exports,

particularly ofnonfin-fish sedentaryresources, has required more stringent exploitation control measures.

During 1989 small scale commercial (artisanal) fisheries production decreased by7% to 6;377 tonnes, and

the value increased by 17.4% to approximately F$17.5 million. A small increase in fish production was

offset by a large decrease in non-fish (shellfish and crustacean) production.

In the industrial sector, the local tuna catch increased marginally by 4.5% to 9,587 tonnes. Longline alba-

core tuna landings were down by 28% on 1988, but this was offset by a very good year for the skipjack pole

and line fleet whose catch was up by 37%. The PAFCO tuna cannery at Levuka decreased its tuna intake

slightly (to 14,531 tonnes) but sold a creditable $40.7 million worth of canned fish, mainly to export mar-

kets in the UK and Canada.

Development in the deepwater snapper fishery was slowed somewhat by the diversion ofmany ofthe larger

snapper boats into the "sashimi" tuna longline fishery. This development provided some respite to snap-

per stocks, which would have been threatened by overfishing if expansion had continued at the 1988 rate,

and exports of high-quality chilled tuna look set to become a major earner of foreign exchange in 1990.

After grave concern about the future of the fledgling seaweed growing industry in 1988, new private in-

vestment and an upturn in the world market price for dried seaweed promise to get the industry back on

its feet and to turn seaweed farming once more into a significant vehicle for rural development.

The economic hardships and new economic policies of the past couple ofyears have had major effects on

the Fiji fishing industry. Whilst the Fisheries Division remains committed to the task of developing under-

exploited fisheries and improving incomes and employment prospects for fishermen, particularly for rural

and small-scale fishermen, the Division is forced to turn more of its attention to the regulation of overex-

ploitation than in the past. Only by ensuring the future of resources can we ensure the long-term future

of the fishing industry. Further commercial development should ideally be concentrated on the outer-reef

and oceanic fisheries, and the Division must make fishermen aware of the possibilities and provide sup-

port in the form of training, vessels, infrastructure, and advice on improving the value of catches through

better handling and further processing. Aquaculture is another approach, with impressive growth- pros-

pects, and of particular benefit to the inland population, but which needs a lot of development work.

1990 will be a particularly challenging year for the Fisheries Division.

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

2.1 THE INDUSTRIAL TUNA FISHERY

2. THE FISHING INDUSTRY

The Fishing Industry is generally divided into four primary sectors, although the distinction between these

is becoming less clearcut as they develop and diversify. They are:

• The industrial fishery, which operates on a large scale and is primarily export oriented. This involves

mainly the PAFCO tuna cannery at Levuka, and tuna capture and supply by both local and over-

seas vessels. The deepwater snapper and th_e domestic tuna longline fisheries will be included in

this category from 1990 onwards.

• The artisanal fishery. This sector includes most small- scale commercial production for domestic

sale. It is a significant source of domestic fish-supply and employment.

• The subsistence fishery, involving catches for self- consumption, with the occasional sale of surplus

catch.

• Aquaculture is receiving increased attention in Fisheries development, but remains largely ex-

perimental. Aquaculture has the advantage of not being based on limited natural fish resources, but

often requires a comparatively large investment.

2.1 THE INDUSTRIAL TUNA FISHERY

TUNA LANDINGS

2.1.1 POLE AND LINE VESSELS

·The Pole and line fleet of 8 vessels: 3 IKA owned; 2 chartered Hohsui; 1 chartered Solander and 2 other

Fiji privately owned continued to fish in Fiji waters. IKA Corporationbuilt and commissioned 2 more pole

and line vessels in 1989, and these -..vill join the fishing fleet for the 1990 skipjack season.

4 pole and line vessels from Kiribati and one from Tuvalu, chartered to the Pacific Fishing Company

(PAFCO), also unloaded 750 tonnes of tuna (caught in Fiji waters) in 1989.

A total of 5,883 tonnes of tuna (94% of it skipjack) was landed and sold to Pacific Fishing Company by

the pole and line fleet (see Table 1 for details). This was a 37% increase in pole and line landings over

1988 for an approximate 20% increase in effort.

2.1.2 LONGLINE VESSELS

A total of 22 Taiwanese longline vessels were contracted by PAFCO during 1989..Tettal landings of fish

were 3,478.25 tonnes, and landings were down by 28% compared to the 1988 catch of 4,886.98 tonnes.

2.1.3 PURSE-SEINE VESSELS

A small Filipino purse-seiner was contracted by PAFCO to fish in the Fiji EEZ on a trial basis during the

first quarter of 1989. Despite setting nearly 70 fish-aggregation devices, catches were disappointing and

poor weather forced the vessel to seek shelter for a significant part of the time.

2.1.4 PACIFIC FISHING COMPANY

PAFCO received a total of 14,531 tonnes of fish in 1989 (excluding frozen fish re-exports of 763 tonnes),

sUghtlybelow the 1988 figure due to the major upgrading works being carried out at the cannery. The per-

centage of cannery throughput that had to b~ imported dropped to 33% from the 42% r'ecorded in 1988.

Tuna was imported mainly from Kiribati and the Solomon Islands. Total landinii& at PAFCO decreased

by 8.2% compared to 1988.

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2.2 THE ARTISANALFISHERY

Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

Table 1 PAFCO LANDINGS OF FROZEN TUNA

Source

1989Tonnes

Pole and Line vessels

5.883

......<Tti...e vessels

3.478

Purse Seine vessels

237

lrmnorted

4.933

rotal

14531

{See Appendix Tables 1 and 2)

% of Total

37%

23%

34%

1988Tonnes

4.288

4,887

6.649

15.824

TUNA PROCESSING AND SALES

2.1.5 CANNED TUNA

A total of 868,049 cartons (48 x 7oz equivalent) of caruied fish were produced; a decrease of 23% over

1988. During the year, 771,737 cartons of tuna valued at $39.7 million were exported (plus 126,400 cartons

ofpetfood, valued at $2,387,978), and 32,963 cartons of-tuna valued at F$1.0 million were sold locally.

PAFCO also exported 763 tonnes of raw fish valued at F$2.7 million .

2.1.6 FISHMEAL PRODUCTION

In 1989, 1,660.4 tonnes of fishmeal were produced, a 17.6% increase over 1988. The WS( lmlJOrity of tliil

was sold locally for $1.1 million

2.2 THE ARTISANAL FISHERY

The artisanal (small-scale commercial) fisheries sector is an increasingly diverse one, ranging from village

fisherwomen collecting shellfish in rivers, to larger vessels fishing offshore for ckepwater snappers for ex-

port. Production data for this sector is collected by the Fisheries Division and all persons taking fish by

way of trade or business are required, under the Fisheries Act, to obtain a license. Table 2 lists the num-

ber of licensed fishermen by administrative division and Table 3, the n~ber and type of licensed fishing

vessels per Division. This serves as a crude index of the level of artisanal fishing activity.

Table 2. FISHERMEN BY DIVISION .. 1989

Division

No of Licenses

IDA

ODA

Crew

Central 261

267

1647

(includin2. Kadavu)

Western 632

1406

Northern 487

101

1152

(64% Fiiian.,22% Indian.14% other'

Eastern

170

TOTAL 1433

424

4375

NOTE:

• IDA - Inside demarcated (customary fishing rights) areas

a ODA- Outside demarcated (customary fishing rights) areas

a ~davu (officially part of Eastern Division) licence issues were handled througn the Central Divi

s1on.

0 No IDA licences were issued for commercial fishermen to fish in traditional fishing grounds of the

Lau Province (Eastern Division), at the request of Tui Nayau.

This is an increase in license -issues of 4% relative to 1988.

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

2.2 THE ARTISANAL FISHERY

Table 3. VESSELS BY DIVISION - 1989

CENTRAL WESTERN NORTHERN EASTERN

Unnt1wered '267

107

Outboard 215

603

319

iinboard 270

105

... OC'OTAL 752

754

531

Note: Kadavu vessels were registered through the Central D1V1s1on

TOTAL

477

1170

465

2112

2.2.1 PRODUCTION

An estimated 4,768 tonnes of fresh or frozen fin-fish worth $14.7 million were sold through various out-

lets in 1989, an increase in weight by 0.4%, and an.increase in value by 23% over 1988. The predominant

fish families in the catch were emperors (Lethrinidae) - 139 tonnes, mullets (Mugilidae) - 369 tonnes, mac-

kerels & tuna (Scombridae) - 921 tonnes, and groupers (Semmidae) - 601 tonnes. These 4 categories

together made up 55% of the total artisanal fish catch (see Appendix Table 8). Figures on production by

area are difficult to obtain, but about 54% of the fish was sold in the Central Division.

Non-fish sales (i.e. shellfish, crustaceans, molluscs, holothurians, seaweed etc.) totalled 1,609 tonnes,

worth $2.8 million. This was a decrease of24% by w~ight and a decrease of 2.1% by value over 1988. The

freshwater kai (Batissa spp) accounted for 68% of this production by volume, with mangrove crabs (Scylla

spp.) - 80 tonnes - and rock lobster (Panulirus spp.} - 53 tonnes - contributing disproportionately to the

total value (see Appendix Table 9). Appendix Table 3 provides a guide to common Fijian fish and non-

fish names.

2.2.2 MARKETING

The product is sold through a variety of outlets which can be broadly grouped into six categories as fol-

lows:-

• Municipal markets

0 Hotels

• Restaurants and Cafes

• Butchers and Fish Merchants

• Retail shops and Supermarkets

• Roadside stalls and the National Marketing Authority

Price information is obtained by interview for market sales, but is not generally available for other outlet

categories.

The relative importance of these various outlet categories varies by Division, as Appendix Table 12 dem-

onstrates. Notable features are the importance of the unique wholesale butchers in the Central Division,

municipal markets in the Western and Northern Divisions, and roadside sales in tile Western Division.

Sales offish through Municipal Markets have steadily declined, particularly in theCentral Division. In the

Northern Division also, increasing quantities of fish are diverted to Central Division outlets for sale. Only

14% of fish sales were made through Municipal Markets in 1989 (compared with over 40% in 1981) al-

though this market share appears to now be steady. On the other hand, municipal markets still handle

most non-fish sales (62% share), although this is overwhelmingly kai.

Weighted mean prices for most products have shown relatively small increases from 1982 to 1988, but the

latter part of 1988 appeared to presage a slight rise in price and 1989 prices showed a dramatic increase.

The total average price of finfish for 1989 was 32% higher than 1988. Rises were experienced by many

of the more valuable non-fish products, although high-volume staples, such as kai, remained at 1988 le-

vels despite a great reduction in supply.

Appendix Tables 6 to 11 provide details of artisanal fish and non-fish production for 1989 in municipal

markets and other outlets.

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2.3 THE SUBSISTENCE FISHERY

Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

2.3 THE SUBSISTENCE FISHERY

Reliable estimates ifthe subsistence catch (fish and non-fish) are not available. An estimate of14,000 ton-

nes per annum, obtained in 1980 from an interview survey of approximately 9% ofFijian coastal villages,

is normally used, with an annual increment of 200 tonnes.

2.4 AQUACULTURE

The Raviravi aquaculture site, developed bytheFisheries Division to test the feasibility of aquaculture on

a recently-reclaimed mangrove area, and lately operated by a Fiji Development Bank-France Aquacul-

ture joint venture, Prawns (Fiji) Ltd., was taken over by an Australian company in 1989. The farm, pro-

ducing penaeid shrimp, has performed well below potential for the past few years, and this takeover is

hoped to lead to improvements. The Fisheries Division has seconded a Senior Fisheries Officer to man-

age the farm until full-scale production is attained.

Macrobrachium rosenbergii prawn development work at the Division's Naduruloulou Research Station

was severely impeded by the breakdown of the main water-pumping system, and the start of commercial

trials was delayed at least 9 months until feeding regimes can be properly assessed.

88 tonnes ofdried Eucheuma seaweed were exported to Copenhagen for final processingby the Fisheries

Division/NationalMarketingAuthorityduring theyear, andthe newprivate-enterpriseseaweed company,

Seaweed (South Pacific) Ltd., is expected to take over export marketing early in 1990. Seaweed farming

isbeginning to show promise ofa rapid recoverywith the rise in world market price and a regaining ofin-

terest by rural farmers.

2.5 EXPORTS

Exports were dominated as always by canned tuna (7,185 tonnes, valued at $39.4million) but included in-

creasing quantities of fresh fish (deepwater snappers and tunas) (235.47 tonnes valued at $1,096,928). A

marked drop of at least 50% was noted in exports of beche-de-mer and pearl shell, and trochus exports

showed a similar, ifless dramatic, drop. These reductions are probablyattributable to overinvestment and

overfishing during the previous 2 years, but the causes are still under investigation.

AppendixTables 13and 14list the Bureauof Census and Statistics figures for exports and re-exports from

Fiji. Of those categories surveyed, exports totalled $50.83 million (a 0.7% decrease over 1988) and re-ex-

ports totalled $0.59 million.

Itshouldbenotedherethat thesefigures are obtainedfrom the Comptroller ofCustomsvia theFijiBureau

of Statistics, and that a new harmonised tariff coding system was introduced at the start of 1989, so some

of these figures may not be strictly comparable with the 1988 figures. The system appears to have a few

teething troubles and products are occasionally misclassified, but it promises i,,. the long run to be a great

improvement for the purposes offiner analysis. The Fisheries Division plans to classify each fisheries ex-

port permit with the Statistical code in 1990 to assist Customs officers.

2.6 IMPORTS

AppendixTable 15 lists the Bureau ofCensus andStatistics figures for imports into Fiji dllrllJ8 1989. The

total value of those fishery products listed was $11.7 million (a 60.6% decrease over 1988), of which the

largest part was tuna and mackerel to supply local canneries.

2 Pages 11-20

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2.1 Page 11

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TABLE 4

cLAssI FicATION

SUMMARY OF LOCAL FISH PRODUCTION 1985 - 1989

1985

Wgt

Value

$1000

1986

Wgt

value

$1000

1987

Wght

Value

MT $1000

1988

Wght

Value

MT $1000

1989

Wght

Value

MT $1000

ARTISANAL FISH

Municipal Markets

NMAIAuxi Llary

Other outlets

Smoked Fish

Salted Fish

980.93

379.33

2691.04

27.30

5.10

1638.20

656.93

5727.20

61.00

20.50

963. 11

240.53

3113.77

16.33

4.45

1916.59

478.65

6196.40

35.93

21.49

969.91

122.38

3617.94

24.95

2. 13

2247.90

279.03

8863.95

67.23

5.81

897.97

3811,96

32.47

5.83

2289.83

9580.57

95.06

43.35

618.40 1778.91

183.44 388.41

3940."57 12435.52

19.32 62.43

6.14 50.74

sul5 - fofa[

:z;:083.70 8103.83 2';338.19 8649.07 :z;:737 .31 11463.92 Z/1.8.23 12008.81 7;767.87 12';716.0T

ARTISANAL NONFISH

Municipal Markets

NHA & Other Outlets

1175. 70 643.83 1259. 18 681. 19 1336.88 718,86 1217.91 935.34 1049.65 868.93

423.38 359.40 544.55 856, 11 590.31 1035. 21 901.67 193~.69 559.33 1904.63

su5 - fofa(

1599.08 1003. 23 1803.73 1537.30 1927. i9 1757+. 07 2119.58 2867.03 Hi08.98 2773.si

INDUSTRIAL FISHERIES

Pole & Line

Purse seine

Long Line

Other (Import)

3252.00 2325.10 3119.34 2220.00 3885.00 2800.00 4288.02 4000.00 5883.00 NIA

693.00 497.10

237.00 N/A

2105.60 3751.50 1237, 20 1730.00 2361.44 8400,00 4886.98 12600.00 3478.00 NIA

2374.20 1620.50 5924.00 5224.62 4832.64 4400.00 6649.55 10900.00 4933.00 NIA

sul5 - fota [

Bait (Pole &Line)

tst.2:z;:.80 8194.20 Hl280.5l; 917Z. !i2 lHlW.-08 15600.00 t58ZZ:.55 27500.00 14531.00

57.20

59.70

50.00

55.00

60.00

SUBSISTENCE (est.)

15000.00

15200.00

15400.00

15600.00

15800.00

CANNERY PRODUCTION

Canned Fish (ctn)

Fish Meal

436315.00

602281.00

706860.00

652. 18 324.70 771.00 394.45 1118.00

888688.00

1411.60

868049.00

1660.45 1103. 66

EXPORTS by mt

Shark fin

Trochus

MOP

Beche-de-Her

Frozen Crab

Frozen fish -OTHERS

-PAFCO

Chi l led Fi sh

Dried seaweed

Smoked Fish

Fish dried salted

Crustaceans &Molluscs

Fish Hea L

canned fish

10.82

274.00

16.10

66.20

0.04

26.60

1823.00

18.66

108.20

534.30

56.00

660.00

0.18

133.00

3300,00

67.24

10.13 106.97

17. 21 118. 19

0.01

3088. 51 10884.71

8.32

233.66

12.34

229.38

N/A

88.77

186.00

38.51

173.41

0.04

8.32

15.85

10.79

4570.49

84.36

738.99

45.12

886.67

N/A

309.66

180.68

147.50

135.29

0. 11

84.36

85.99

15.41

16679.99

6.33

250,44

23.18

640.39

N/A

120.45

926.03

42.82

216.89

11.24

36. 21

240. 71

0.90

4767.97

44.33

986.78

147.04

2233.46

NIA

653.95

2950.00

277.90

136.87

44.32

153.67

883.30

15.20

20780.80

NIA

398.47

57.50

717.41

N/A

72.24·

NIA

2010.42

465.16

2852.27

N/A

423.25

172.41

60.30

1.66

55.56

362.20

156.40

6964.59

841.30

21.11

8.05

411 .90

1709.95

483.72

39757.46

NIA

235.55 1928. 67

20.19 252.03

365.17 1890.82

1.03

1. 20

12.00 949.00

763.38 2701.77

409.00 2045.50

80.34 40. 21

11.61 128. 01

101.30 589.62

15.40 66.02

3.60

8,99

7219.21 39443.82

Sub - total

5351. 29 15968.80 5329.88 18610.02 7283.56 29307.62 9018.74 48984.59 9002.23 50045.66

EXPORTS by miscellaneous unit

Aquarium Fish (no)

59404.00

Canned Fish (ctn) PAFCO 450198.00

Corals & others

Worked shells

96.48 71840.00

12497.10 615994.00

103.33 83109.00

19500.00 669943.00

117.34

152.69

143.73 72044.00

25780.00 340688.00

136.36

248.03

329. 14 82409.00 147843.00

4~600.00 771737.00 39700.00

159.28 NIA

318,60 N/A 469745.00

Sub - total

12593. 57

19873.36

26308. 12

47407.02

Domestic canned ctn

7400.00 108.86 8192.00 162.98 17634.00 373.81 48000.00 1400.00 32963.00 1003.47

2.2 Page 12

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2.7 SUMMARY OF LOCAL FISH PRODUCTION

Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

2.7 SUMMARY OF LOCAL FISH PRODUCTION

Table 4 summarises local fish production (both for local consumption and export) over the years 1984-

1989. Artisanal fish production has increased by 21.6% in that period, and non-fish production has de-

creased by 9.6%. The decrease in non-fish production occurred in 1989 after a steady rise through the

previous four years, and is largely due to a sharp drop in freshwater clam (kai) sales. A possible reason

for thls is the disturbance to kai beds by dredging work in the Rewa river, which is the main kai-produc--

ing area, but socioeconomic and climatic factors may also be significant.

3. THE FISHERIES DIVISION

The Fisheries Division, of the Ministry of Primary Industries, has its headquarters at Lami, on the west-

ern outskirts of Suva. The four administrative Divisions of Fiji are the primary organisational units, and

Fisheries has Divisional officesinLautoka (WesternDivision), Labasa (NorthernDivision), Na:usori (Cen-

tral Division) and Lami (Eastern Division). Respectively, these service subsidiary offices in Rakiraki,

Tavua, Ba and Sigatoka (Western), Taveuni, Savusavu and Nabouwalu (Northern) and Lakeba, Vunisea

and Levuka (Eastern).

3.1 ADMINISTRATION

3.1.1 PERSONNEL

At the end of 1989, 98 ofthe 118 established posts were occupied.10 posts are present in Administration,

82 in Technical Services and Extension and 26 in Resource Assessment & Development. Staffmg de-

creased by 8% over 1988 levels.

Table 5. FISHERIES DMSION STAFF STRUCTURE

DESIGNATION

SCALE

Director of Fisheries

USO3

IPrincioal Fish. Officer NSOl

Senior FJSheries Officer NSO2

fisheries Officer

NSO3

Graduate Trainee

NSO4

J?isheries Tech Officer NSO5

Senior Fisheries Assistant NSO6

~ibrarv Assistant

ADO6

Hxecutive Officer

ADOS

!Assistant Accountant ADOS

Senior/Clerical Officer ADO6

Steno2raoher/ Tvaist

RTO6

Stores Officer/Storeman SKO6

rOTAL

ESTABL

118

FILLED

VACANT

-·

3.1.2 AID PERSONNEL

A total of 5 US Peace Corps volunteer postings were attached to the Division during 1989, to help the

Rural Aquaculture Extension Programme, and one Japan volunteer (JOCV) assisted the RA&D statis-

tical unit. A Japan-funded engineering expert also assisted the refrigeration untl of the Teclutlcal services

section.

2.3 Page 13

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

3.1 ADMINISTRATION

Several local staff (supernumery to the establishment) were supported by aid funds in specific projects.

The New.Zealand funded Seaweed Project employed three staff and the Australian funded Giant Clam

project employed four.

Of the established staff postings, the Principal Fisheries Officer (RA&D) salary was supplemented by the

British Government.

3.1.3 TRAINING RECEIVED

A total of15 staffmembers attended meetings, conferences or training courses overseas whilst 60 staffat-

tended training courses locally.

3.1.4 FINANCE

EXPENDITURE

The disbursement of funds is detailed below in Table 6. These figures are compiled from our internal led-

gers and still await reconciliation with Ministry headquarters accounts.

Table 6. FISHERIES DIVISION EXPENDITURE 1989

$810 242.16

$169 936.66

$289 636.33

$2 900 000.00

$154 764.02

Note: Capital expenditure by the Fiji Government included the construction of2 pole and line vessels for

Ika Corporation.

Operational expenditure (excluding capital works) was $1,269,814, a 12% increase on 1988. Total expen-

diture (including capital expenditure in 1989 and all aid-in-kind for 1988) was $4,717,533, a 24% decrease

on 1988.

REVENUE

Total revenue received for services in 1989 was $415,275.47 a 22% increase over 1988 due mainly to the

revitalisation of the rural fishermens training course which required the construction and sale of new ar-

tisanal fishing vessels.

Table 7. FISHERIES DIVISION REVENUE 1989

!Fish & Prawn sales

Pishiniz vessels - trainee

!Fishing vessels - commercial

IFishinl! !!ear

!Fishing licenses & re~stration

OCce sales

Sliowav etc fees

!Posters

rr'OTAL

$1110.00

$24.803.29

$55336.34

$57.775.84

$18.989.00

$253018.00

$1255.00

$2.988.00

$415275.47

3.1.5 VESSELS

A total of 13 powered vessels were used by the Fisheries Division. 5 of these were based in Lami, two each

in Savusavu and Makogai and one each in Lautoka, Labasa, Levuka and Taveuni. 11 of these are 28-foot

vessels constructed by the Division. Of the two larger vessels, the "Tui ni Wasabula" saw full use in re•

source assessment, training and extension cruises and the "Gonedau" was still undergoing extensive refit-

ting work, due for completion in February 1990. The Division's two other larger seagoing vessels have been

with the Auxiliary Unit of the Fiji Military Forces since 1987.

2.4 Page 14

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EXTENSION

P.F.O. TUILAUCALA

... WESTERN DIV.

(ACT) S.F.O. J. KAVOA

LAUTOKA

TAVUA

RAKIRAKI

SIGATOKA

- NORTHERN DIV.

S.F.O. A. VUAKACA

LABASA

SAVUSAW

TAVEUNI

NABOUWALU

- CENTRAL DIV.

F.O. (VACANT)

NAUSORI

._ EASTERN PI\\I.

·~----F.O.F.IIATE

-·-·-·

KADAW

LME8A

• &...»a »ILl"i:E..S Di G ISIUIQ

MINISTRY OF PRIMARY INDUSTRIES

HON. VIUAME GONELEVU

DEPUTY PERMANENT SECRETARY

LIVESTOCK & ASHERIES

RATU TUI CAVUILATI

DIRECTOR· ASHERIES

(ACT) S.SEWAK

RESOURCE ASSESSMENT & DEV.

P.F.O. DR. TIM ADAMS

rl S.F.O. M. LAGIBALAVU

- INSHORE RESOURCE

MANAGEMENT

F.O.K.SWAMY

H GENERAL RA & D

- INFORMATION

F.O. S.P. SHARMA

- AQUACULTURE

F.T.O. J. VASUA

TECHNICAL SERVICES

(ACT) P.F.O. C. EVENING

H GENERAL SUPPORT SERVICES

S.F.0. S.M.SINGH

H TRAINING I

F.O. M.TUILOA I

I H ENGINEERING

F.O. M. VOSANIBOLA

- REFRIGERATION

F.T.0. H. MORREL

- BOATBUILDING, CARPENTRY

(ACT) F.O. T. RABUU

- FIJI/JAPAN

AQUACULTURE PROJECT

- FLEET

F.0.1. MATEIWAI

7 RURAL AQUACULTURE I

LOANS I

ADMINISTRATION

(ACT) E.0, A. RAHIMAN

I ASSIST. ACCOUNT; I

I V.TUIVAKANO I

2.5 Page 15

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

3.2 TECHNICAL SERVI~

3.1.6 VEHICLES

The Division utilized a fleet of32 vehicles. Of these, 19 vehicles were used in the Central Division, 4in~

Western and 9 in the Northern Division. Several new vehicles were purchased during the course ofU.

year to make up a longstanding shortfall. A major new acquisition was two mobile engineering works.ho.i:.

under the Japan-aided Rural & Artisanal Fisheries Project, which are deployed on.Vanua Levu and V'~

Levu to service iceplants and marine diesel engines. 3ofthe vehicles are non,functional and awaitingWriiii

off.

3.1.7 BUILDINGS, PLANTS AND OTHER FACILITIES

No major contruction works were carried out during 1989, apart from a tender to the GovernmentshiPi

ard to build 2 new pole and line vessels for Ika Corporation. Activity centred around the maintenance i:t

refurbishment of existing buildings, iceplants and vessels.

The main infrastructural priority for the Division is the construction of a commercial fishing port complca

at Lami to service the rapidly growing industrial tuna and deepwater snapper fleet operating out of tbl.

Central Division. Plans for this have been pending since 1978, and the situation has already reached criS4

levels. Several new or replacement iceplants are expected to be constructed in 1990, under the Japait

funded Rural and Artisanal Fisheries Project.

3.2 TECHNICAL SERVICES

3.2.1 BOAT BUILDING PROGRAMME

A total of 11 9-metre vessels were constructed in 1989, bringing the total number of such vessels con1

structed to 286 since the start of the programme in 1982. 8 were sold to rural trainees, whilst 1 was sold ,~

commercial fishermen and the remaining 2 vessels are earmarked for rural trainees. In addition, 2 1~

metre vessels were constructed for the rural development programme and a further 211-metre vessels ar4

being completed for private purchase. The boatbuilding program.me was held up at the beginning of 1981

due to escalating costs and the unavailability of the engines normally supplied under Japanese aid. Hoii

ever, the arrival of materials under the Japan Rural and Artisanal Fishing Project enabled the yard to r~

sume full-scale production in the last half of the year.

3.2.2 FIJI DEVELOPMENT BANK LOAN ASSESSMENT

A total of 313 loan applications were processed by Divisional Officers (value requested $852,454), and

197 applications (amounting in value to $383,582) were approved in 1989 by the Fiji Development Bam!

This was a 16% decrease in number and a 66% decrease in value over 1988 loans approved.

FDB LOANS TO FISHERMEN BY DMSION

OTAL

$REQUESTED

54285

122685

852454

$ PROVED

28252

269993

136737

71700

383582

3.2.3 FISHING GEAR SALES

Fishing gear worth a total of $43,801.17 was sold to fishermen through the Fisheries Division outlets~

cost (a reduction of 18% over 1988 sales). This activity operates on a revolving-fund basis and contin~

to be hampered by the limited size of the fund approved ($40,000). Althouah the private sector is startiiUl

to become involved in fishing gear sales, the Fisheries Division r~mains the only comprehensive source~

gear, particularly for the rural sector.

2.6 Page 16

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3.2 TECHNICAL SERVICES

Fisherie$ 1989 Annual Report

Table 8. FISHING GEAR SALES

OFFICE

La.mi

INausori

Labasa

Savusavu

Taveuni

Nabouwalu

ILautoka

IBa

IRakiraki

travua

Sfo:atoka

Levuka

IVunisea

!TOTAL

VALUE($)

14.142.02

2.428.16

8,271.09

3,448.48

847.87

17.25

4,898.84

1,724.63

1,546.51

191.9.84

2149.59

1246.79

1,160.10

43801.17

3.2.4 ICE PRODUCTION

In 1989 a total of 4,692 tonnes of ice was produced, with commercial sales valued at $245,890. Despite

operational problems at both Labasa and Lami, this represents a 27% increase in production over 1988.

Table 9. ICE PRODUCTION

IOFF1CE

ILami

1Wainibokasi

INavua

ILautoka

Sis:l:atoka

IRakiraki

Labasa

Savusavu

Nabouwalu

Taveuni

... akeba

Kadavu

TOTAL

TONNES

541.51

623.65

184.96

1683.97

35.30

74.58

1157.81

139.99

27.47

167.31

21.76

33.52

4.691.83

SALES$

26462

31966

9.514

84.350

2.075

3,956

67267

7,138

1.373

8.759

1,164

1.866

245.890

1988

434.79

780.23

139.55

571.29

2.11

4.62

1.296.96

218.96

20.94

103.53

24.40

101.80

$3699.20

%increase

-20

195

1572

1514

-11

-36

-11

-61

3.2.5 REGULATORY WORK

In 1989, 1,857 licensed fishermen and 4,375 crew were involved in fishing activities, utilising 2,112 fishing

vessels (including towed punts). This was a increase of 4% in licensed fishermen, a decrease of 10% in

crew, and an increase of 9% in the number of registered fishing vessels. Of the total number of licenses

issued, 23% were for outside demarcated areas only (ODA - see Tables 2 & 3). 35 Foreign vessels were

licenced to fish in Fiji Fisheries Waters under the Marine Spaces Act, usually to land tuna at the PAFCO

cannery.

The regulatory work of the Division includes:

• the investigation of fish suspected of being captured by the use of explosives or other illegal fishing

methods (poisoning by duva or bleach etc.).

• seizing of fish, shellfish and crustaceans deemed undersized by the Fisheries Act.

• confiscation of illegal fishing gear (undersize gillnets etc.) during regular patrol work.

• inspection of trochus exports prior to shipment.

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

3.3 EXTENSION SERVICES

• issue of export licenses.

• collection of detailed catch records for export shipments of aquarium fish and ornamental coral.

This is soon to be extended to all inshore resources coveredby the Cabinet- approved exploitation

guidelines and the forthcoming Fisheries Amendment Regulations.

3.2.6 FOOD PROCESSING UNIT

The Fisheries Division continued to provide assistance to rural communities in the production of salted

mullet and beche-de-mer through visits and on-site instruction. Several courses were held in collabora-

tion with the Auxiliary Unit of the Fiji Military Forces to train youth groups in the processing ofbeche-

de-mer.

Several Fishing Groups were assisted, and the finished product handled on behalf of the groups in some

cases.

3.2.7 TRAINING GIVEN

16 rural fishermen received training at one +month live-in course held at Lamj during the year, bringing

to 157 the total number of trainees on the programme since 1981. This training programme was held up

pending the aquisition of engines and gear for the 28-foot boats which are discounted to the trainees at

the end of each course.

The Division, in collaboration with FAO, also ran a 5-day seaweed cultivation workshop involving sea-

weed farmers from Fiji and several other regional countries, in November.

2 fisheries officers from the SolomonIslands Government were attachedto theRA&D section for 2 weeks

oftraining in market survey methods.

One Fiji fish-processing unit staff member went to Vanuatu to train loc;tl people in beche-de-mer pro-

cessing, and the Clam Project Officer visited Tonga to set up a giant clam hatchery there.

3.3 EXTENSION SERVICES

The ExtensionSection continued to provide the link between the Fisheries Division and the fishermen.

As well as their role in mediation, and the transfer oftechnology to fishermen, the 40 staff (spread over

14 stations) were fully involved in licensing and regulatory activities, ice and gear sales, loan processing,

fish processing, advisory services and lectures, and practical demonstrations to school and fishing groups.

3.4 RESOURCE ASSESSMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

3.4.1 COLLECTION OF PRODUCTION DATA

Municipal markets were surveyed at least sixdays per month (always including the highest volume day of

the week) and the sampling was applied to market~masters records to obtain a complete summary. Road-

side outlets were covered in depth at least once a month, and all other outlets quarterly. A system of con-

fidentiallogbooks for the recording ofpurchases bythese outlets was instituted in 1987, butthishas proved

oflimited value due to the low percentage of completed returns.

The purchases/sales by species, weight and, ifpossible, price form the production estimates for the arti-

sanal sector, and are detailed in the Appendices.

Staff shortages may force a reduction in statistical coverage of the fisheries sector in 1990. This is much

to be regretted since this production data is the basis for the formulation of fisheries policy and govern-

ment economic strategy, as well as providing an early warning on problems in the fishery.

2.8 Page 18

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3.4 RESOURCE ASSESSMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

3.4.2 BAITFISH AND TUNA CATCH STATISTICS

Catch statistics, supplied on standard forms by Ika pole and line and other industrial vessels, are analyzed

monthly and cross- referenced to PAFCO landings. Information summaries are set to SPC for inclusion

in the regional tuna stock-assessment programme.

Difficultywas experienced in obtaining complete catch-return coverage from some foreign vessels, either

due to poor understanding ofEnglish or through ignorance of the law. Attempts will be made to secure

historical returns before the new licencing season, and renewal of licences may be made condiqonal on

the provision of outstanding returns. Catch and effort returns from the developing domestic tuna longline

fishery were not forthcoming in most cases, but the new offshore licencing system (to be implemented iii

March, 1990) will make this a mandatory requirement for all tuna and deepwater snapper vessels regis•

tered under the Fisheries Act.

Catch statistics are essential for the Fisheries Division (in collaboration with SPC) to determine the size

oftuna stocks and fishing pressure, and hence to deploy fleets to the optimum advantage. In addition, rhe

provision ofcatch returns for tuna, which are highly migratory species and a regional resource, are one of

Fiji's obligations under the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention.

3.4.3 FISHERY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

In addition to tuna, detailed catch/production data were obtained on aquarium fish, ornamental coral and

deepwater snapper, andtheharvest ofsedentaryresources vulnerable to over-exploitation (e.g. giant clam,

black coral, trochus, beche-de-mer) is monitored. Resource profiles and a fish commodity profile have

been produced to assist planners and investors, but these are in urgent need ofupdating. Legislation ban-

ning the export of Giant Clam meat, Dairo (Metriatyla scabra), and any beche-de-mer under 3" in length,

was introduced at the beginning of 1989 in an attempt to halt runawayexploitation ofthese resources, and

a Beche-de-mer exporters Association was set up to encourage a more responsible attitude amongst ex-

porters. The Fisheries Division will not issue export licences for Beche-de-mer to persons who are not

members of this association.

Fisheries Division efforts in 1990 will be directed at rationalisating the exploitation of sed~ntary inshore

resources which, in many cases, are showing signs ofstress. For most of these resources, exploitation can

be controlled most effectively at the export stage and such mechanisms as exporters associations and re-

stricting the number of export licences will be explored. At the moment, ornamental coral exports are

limited to one licenced company and live (aquarium) fish exports are limited to three.

Stock assessment work on trochus, pearl shell, beche-de-mer, mangrove crab and freshwater clam (kai)

is urgently needed, and these projects will either be initiated or followed up in 1990.

3.4.4 COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT

Fisheries assessments of proposed foreshore reclamations are routinely carried out. 10 applications (to-

talling 191 hectares) were recieved in 1989, resource value surveys performed, and cases heard by the in-

dependent arbitrator. 5 of these applications were in the Central Division, mainly for civic and industrial

purposes, and the 5 applications lodged for the Western Division (totalling 168ha) were mainly for tour-

ism development.

During the year 3 complaints ofillegal reclamationwere investigated andreferred to the proper authority.

5 cases of 'fish-kill' were reported during the year. Fisheries investigated these wherever possible and sent

water and fish samples to.independent laboratories for analysis. One perennial problem that keeps recur-

ring appears to be associated with the cleaning of sugar mills after the crushing season.

3.4.5 FAD DEPLOYMENT

No Fish Aggregating Devices were deployed by the Fisheries Division during 1989 due to the unavaila-

bility of funding. However, Ika Corporation's FAD programme deployed 14 FAD's for use by pole and

2.9 Page 19

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

3.4 RESOURCE ASSESSMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

line vessels (financed by a levy on tuna landings of $5 in the tonne), and the Filipino purse seiner char-

tered by PAFCO deployed over 70 FAD's around the EEZ (well offshore) in the earlypart of the year.

Followupwork on theFAD's that theDivisiondeployed near Suvaand Savusavuin1988showed that some

of the devices were yielding extremely good catches, and that certain sectors of the fishing community

have come to rely on them. The deployment programme will be resumed in 1990 as these devices are very

valuable in diverting fishermen away from overstressed lagoon fisheries, and in supplementing reduced

supplies of fish to urban markets. Although it may be coincidental, due to the low frequency oftropical

cyclones recently experienced, the average lifetime of the FAD's deployed in 1987 and 1988 appears to

be around 18 months:- a marked improvement on previous experience, bearing in mind that an individ-

ual FAD can cost from $3-4,000.

A desirable option for the future is the formation of a dedicated team, with vessel, to maintain a continu-

ous programme of FAD deployment and maintenance, for the benefit of both tuna and artisanal fisher-

men, but an institutional mechanism for this has yet to be developed.

3.4.6 DEEPWATER SNAPPER

The semi-industrial fishery for deepwater snapper lost momentum in 1989 due to the diversion of effort

into Ionglining for the larger tunas. The management plan for deepwater snapper was formalised and a

new limited-entrylicencing system will be in place in 1990, allowing for catch-quotas, preference to local

and small-scale fishermen, restricted areas, and a legal requirement for fishermen to supplycatch-returns.

This licencing system will also apply to the tuna fishery, mainly as a pre-emptive measure to protect the

future interests ofFiji fishermen in the face oflarge-scale foreign interest, but also to legally mandate the

supplyofcatch returns from all domestic tuna fishing vessels. The domestic longline fishery has expanded

rapidlyover the past 2 years and, byDecember 1989, there were atleast 30 vessels over 12metres inlength

licenced or approved to fish for deepwatersnapper and/or tuna, and aiming at the chilled-fish export mar-

ket. The Fisheries Division is very aware of the fact that all of these vessels would want to fall back on the

deepwater snapper fishery if there was a downturn in sashimi tuna export prospects.

Statistics resulting from catch returns will be collated and used to refme estimates ofmaximum allowable

fishing pressure, in conjunction with length-frequency samples and scientific observer placements on

board a sample ofvessels.

3.4.7 GIANT CLAM PROJECT

The FijiModule ofthe International Giant Clam Project is executed by the Fisheries Division in collabor-

ation with the James CookUniversity of North Queensland, and funded by the Australian Centre for In-

ternational Research. The Project started in 1984and the first phase accomplished a massive field survey

ofgiant clam stocks in Fiji waters, together with setting up a quarantine station and re-introducing the re-

cently-extinct Tridacna gigas to Fiji.

Phase 2 of the project officially started in July, 1989, and is due to run until mid-1992. This phase of the

project will concentrate on developing Giant Clam aquaculture under Fiji conditions, initiating reef-re-

seedingtrials and exploring the possibilities ofcommercial clam-farming.1989 saw the setting-up ofa full-

scale, but low-technology, hatchery on Makogai island in Lomaiviti, and the project performed the first

successful mass-culture of giant clams in Fiji early in 1989.

Results have beenvariable, as are expected from a new activity, but the Project now has several thousand

juvenile Tridacna derasa and T.squomosa available to refine the reef-growout cycle. An output of100,000

seed-clams will be aimed for in 1990, which will enable work to be started onvillage-level extension trials

using experience gained from observing a similar programme in the Solomon Islands. Commercial farm-

ingtrials will be explored in 1991 and it is hoped that the hatchery will be self-supporting through the sale

of seed clams by the time the project finishes in 1992.

Giant clam farming, or reef-reseeding, is not expected to be a panacea for Fiji's overfished natural giant

clam stocks. Giant clam farming, whilst promising, is not yet proven commercially viable anywhere in the

world, and commercial farms will take at least 3-4 years to obtain the first fruits of production. Reef- re-

2.10 Page 20

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3.4 RESOURCE ASSESSMENT AND DEVELOPMENT

Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

seeding, as a public service, will only be economically possible over very small areas and then only if the

reefs can be protected from fishermen. It is expected that the main work of restocking reefs will be left to

the clams themselves, under the protection that was afforded by the 10-year ban on exports of giant clam

meat that was introduced in December 1988. The project will continue to monitor natural regeneration

in these stocks, and to reseed "starter" stocks to those reefs which were depleted beyond their ability to

regenerate.

3.4.8 SEAWEED CULTURE

Fiji has been developing Eucheuma "cottonii" seaweed cultivation since 1985. This fast-growing red algal

species is cultivated on otherwise unproductive back-reefflats, and the sun-dried weed is dried for export

and processing into carageenan, which is a food additive much in demand for stabilizing milk products

such as ice-cream and yoghourt.

After severe setbacks in 1988, following the withdrawal of the seaweed development company, Coast Bi-

ologicals (Fiji) Ltd, the Fiji eucheuma growing industry was in a precarious position and many rural con-

tract farmers lost confidence. However, world market prices showed an upward trend, and the Fisheries

Division decided to support the industry through this difficult period since it appeared to be a good ve-

hicle for rural development. A seaweed farmer can expect 3-4 crops per year with yields of up to 10 ton-

nes of dry weed per acre, and startup capital is minimal if the growing site is favourable.

Throughout 1989, the Fisheries Division, in collaboration with the National Marketing Authority of Fiji,

found export markets; collected, graded and packed the weed from rural farmers, and exported the final

product. In tandem, a grant from the New Zealand Overseas Development Administration enabled the

Division to employ 3 seaweed project staff to encourage and advise farmers, and to supply small equip-

ment grants to farmers. New private-sector participation was solicited, and in 1989 a new company, Sea-

weed (South Pacific) Ltdwas formed, operating out ofVanuaLevu. S(SP) Ltdwill be in a position to take

over export marketing from contract farmers early in 1990, leaving the Fisheries Division free to concen-

trate on development work: extension advice, site surveys, trials on new culture methods and seaweed

species.

By the end of1989, the farm-gate buying price had been raised by40% on the January price, and seaweed

farming looks set once more for a phase of rapid expansion.

3.4.9 FRESHWATER FISHERIES

Verylittle work was carried out inthe field offreshwater fisheries in 1989 due to the lack of suitably quali-

fied staff, apartfrom routine monitoringofthe impoundment at Vaturuwhichwas previouslystockedwith

carp and black bass as the potentialbasis for a tourist angling industry. However, in 1990 the Fisheries Di-

vision will have to investigate the reasons behind the drop in lcai (freshwater clam, Batissa violacea) sup•

plies to domestic markets. Kai is the major freshwater fisheries product in Fiji and also the major compo-

nent of Fiji's total mollusc production. As mentioned earlier in this report, the dredging work being car-

ried out in the Rewa river may be a significant factor in disturbing the kai beds, and it is to be hoped that

this disturbancewill be temporary. Kaiis a major protein source for lower-income Fijians, especiallyrural

inland people.

3.4.10 MACROBRACHIUM CULTURE

Hatchery production of 1 million post-larvae per year, with yields of up to 1.2 tonnes/ha/yr, has been

achieved at the Naduruloulou hatchery. Growout trials are continuing,and a start wasmade on prawn/fish

polyculture trials, with very promising results.

3.4.11 PRODUCTION OF MAJOR CARPS

Induced spawning of 3 carp species has been achieved, and the river weed-control proaramme, usilli

grass carp, continues to be a great success. Attention is now moving to Western Division rivers, although

the weed problem here involves water-hyacinth and may be a little more difficult to.control.

Grass carp is proving to be a popular table fish amongst inland rural peoples (despite the bones), and the

weed-control programme is experiencing difficulties due to overfishing of the grass-carp stocked into ri-

3 Pages 21-30

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3.1 Page 21

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

3.5 INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SERVICES

vers. Although there is a long-standing legal prohibition oh using gillnets in fresh water, enforcement of

the law in inland areas is difficult since fisheries officers are coastally based. The only long term solution

to the problem is to improve fish-supplies in inland areas, and this is one of the major aims of the Rural

Aquaculture Programme.

3.4.12 RED TILAPIA CULTURE

Experimental trials, in collaboration with a commercial farmer, are continuing, and the first commercial

sales from the pilot- farm •vere made at the end of1987, with very good results. However, the experimen-

tal sale of small quantities of normally- coloured tilapia in 1989 showed equally promising results. Tan-

dem trials will be continued to see ifbetter consumer acceptance or better growth characteristics mitigate

the difficulty of maintaining genetically pure red-strain tilapia.

3.4.13 RURAL AQUACULTURE.PROGRAMME

US Peace Corps volunteers continue to facilitate the development of village ponds for the production of

Tilapia Most ofthe ponds (14,000 squaremetres total pond area) were concentrated inEasternViti Levu

during the first stage of the programme, but in 1989 advisory support was substantially expanded in the

Northern Division.

The main aim ofthis programme initiallywas to improve protein nutrition in inland areas, by encouraging

subsistence and communalfish ponds. However, experiencehas shown thata more commercially-oriented

approachyieldsbetter resultsinterms ofsustained activity. More supportwillbegivento the establishment

ofprofit-making fish farming in future. Motivation is of prime importance in helping fish farming in Fiji

to become self-sustaining.

The Fisheries Division's Naduruloulou Aquaculture Research Station has the capacity to expand tilapia

fingerling production to cater for demand from rural farmers for some time to come, but some farmers

will be encouraged to specialise in fry production against the day when private sector demand outstrips

public sector supply.

The rural aquaculture programme will also explore ways of introducing Fisheries and Agriculture exten-

sionofficers to fish- farming, to increase the generallevel oflocal expert advice. Governmentis very aware

that reef-fish resources cannot continue to supply the current level of human population growth in Fij~

particularly in the face of increasing exports, and the development of aquaculture is part of a long-term

strategy to maintain local fish supplies.

3.5 INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SERVICES

A wide range of books, periodicals and publications on relevant topics were made available to Fisheries

staff, USP students and interested people through the Fisheries Division Library, and the branch libraries

set up in Lautoka and Labasa continued to serve the public. Monthly news bulletins, research reports,

radio broadcasts and newspaper supplements were produced to enhance public awareness of the fishery

sector and support extension activity.

There has been a recent trend towards including certain aspects ofFisheries in the Fiji school curriculum,

and the Division gave many lectures to schools around the country during 1989.However, staffconstraints

mean that this sort of activity cannot be extended to all the schools that request it. Efforts will be made,

in collaboration with the Ministry ofEducation, to produce a standard schools information pack to cover

the topics that might be raised in the curriculum during the year.

Unfortunately, information unit staff levels declined to zero, with the continued vacancy in the Graphic

Design post, the secondment ofthe Information Assistant for 12 months training in agricultural journal-

ism, and the resignation of the Library Assistant.

3.2 Page 22

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3.6 INTERNATIONAL LINKAGES

Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

3.6 INTERNATIONAL LINKAGES

The small island countries of the South Pacific derive considerable benefit from the pooling of fisheries

advisory services through regional organisations such as the Forum Fisheries Agency and the South Pa-

cific Commission, and Fij~ although possessing one of the most developed fisheries sectors in the South

Pacific, oftenhas to draw onthis expertise. In addition. all countries signatory to the United Nations Law

of the Sea Convention are obliged to cooperate in the management of highly migratory species, such as

tuna. Regional tuna management is facilitated through the scientificservices ofthe SPC, to whichFiji con-

tributes data on the tuna catch in Fiji waters, and through the fishing fleet access and treaty functions of

theFFA.

The Fisheries Division activelyparticipatedin a range ofregional activities during 1989,including the for-

mulation ofthe Convention for the Prohibition ofFishing with LongDriftnets in the South Pacific inWell-

-ington.

Other meetings included the 21st SPC Technical meeting, the 16th and 17th sessions of the Forum Fish-

eries Committee and the Standing Committee of the SPC's Tuna and Billfish Assessment Programme as

well as the second meeting of the South Pacific Albacore Research Group (SPAR). Regular contact is

maintained with all regional fisheries organizations, including SPC, FFA, Forum Secretariat and the

UNDP Regional Fisheries Programme, and with several international organisations, including INFOF-

ISH andIUCN. Activeparticipationin international organisations, such as FAO, is maintained at a higher

level within the Ministry.

Programmes of technical cooperation, collaboration, or assistance are maintained with the Governments

ofJapan, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom and USA, although these vary from year to year, and

expert assistanceis lent to other countries Qfthe region on request. Divisional resource specialists include

expertise in giant clam culture, beche-de-mer processing, tilapia aquaculture, prawn and shrimp hatchery

techniques, Eucheuma seaweed farming, marine resource surveys, local market monitoring and artisanal

fisheries training.

Fiji has no formal access agreements with any Distant Water FishingNations apart from the USA (under

theUS/Forummultilateral treaty) at present, butis stronglysupportingregional effortstointroduce multi-

lateral access agreements with Japan and otherAsian nations. However, the Fisheries Division currently

licences several foreign vessels on an individual basis, particularly with Taiwan, provided that they land

fish at a Fiji port and sell to a Fiji company.

3.3 Page 23

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Fisheries 1989 Annual Report

3.6 INTERNATIONAL LINKAGES

LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES

Figure 1

Figure 2

F'igure3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure6

Figure?

Figure 8

Figure9

Figure 10

Domestic commercial fish production 1978-89

Domestic commercial non.fish production 1978-89

Total domestic fish supply 1978-1989

Total catch from Fiji waters 1978-1989

Domestic Marketing Structure 1978 vs 1989

Domestic Fishery production as GDP

External Fisheries trade balance

F'1Shlng Licences, vessels & crew 1978-1989

Ice production by Fisheries Division 1978-1989

Consumption per head

LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES

Table 1

Unloading quantity by boat (PAFCO)

Table2

Unloading quantity by species (PAFCO)

Table3a

Glossary of Fijian food fish names

Table3b

Glossary of Fijian non-fish names

Table4

Price of fish at municipal markets

TableS

Price of non-fish at municipal markets

Table6

Volume of fish at municipal markets

Table7

Volume of non-fish at municipal markets

Table8

Fish sales by Division

Table9

Non-fish sales by Division

Table 10

Fish volume at other outlets

Table 11

Non-fish volume at other outlets

Table12

Summary of domestic commercial sales

Table13

Exports

Table 14

Re-exports

Table 15Imports

3.4 Page 24

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DOMESTIC COMMERCIAL FISH PRODUCTION

1978 - 1989

[IT] Other Outlets B M.Markets -a- Average Price

Tonnes

$/Kg

5,000 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - , $3.5Kg

4,000 ~ - - -- - - - - - -

$3Kg

2,000

i11-:::::

1,000

!~ i i ::~

1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989

YEAR

Other Outlet (shops,restaurants,cafes,

supermarkets,hotels and butchers).

M.Markets means (mun.lclpal markets)

Figure 1

DOMESTIC COMMERCIAL NONFISH PRODUCTION

1978 - 1989

EkJ Other Outlets • M.MARKET· -a- Average price

Tonnes

$/Kg

2,500 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ $2.5Kg

1,500 t---------fr,

$2Kg

$1.5Kg

1,000

$1Kg

600

1978 1979 1980 1981

Other Outleta(ahops,restauranta,cafes,

supermarkets,hotels and butchers).

M.Markets means (munlclpal markets)

Figure 2

3.5 Page 25

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TOTAL DOMESTIC FISH SUPPLY

1978 - 1989

- SUBSISTENCE

B OUTLET FISH

- OUTLET NONFISHIIJ.II M,MARKET N.FISH

llmm1 M.MARKET FISH

15,000

1Q,OOO

5,000

1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989

YEAR

Figure 3

TOTAL CATCH FROM FIJI WATERS

1978 - 1989

Tonnes

35,000 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - . . .

25,000

20,000

10,000

5,000

1978

1980

- SUBSISTEN B

ffiTIIBI MM.FISH O

SOURCE : FISHERIES DIVISION

1982

1984

YEAR

1986

1988

OLT.NONFISHh;::c:;':::) MM,NONFISH 8 OLT,FISH

TUNA

illl!IIII NON-TUNA EXPORTS

Figure 4

3.6 Page 26

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DOMESTIC MARKETING STRUCTURE

1978

M.MAAKETS

50$

.......-.............---_....._.., .....-....---

- - - - - NONFISH

.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

OTHER OUTLETS

50$

FISH

97%

..... _------

M.MARKETS

16$

1989

..........-----.........---------------...---

OTHER OUTLETS

84$

---- ...... __ ........ --- ..

Other Outlets means (ahops,reataurants,

cafea,aupermarketa,hotels and butchers).

M.Marketa means (municipal markets)

NONFISH

13%

FISH

87%

Figure 5

3.7 Page 27

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DOMESTIC FISHERY PRODUCTION AS GDP

1978 - 1988

I• I Value -s- % OF GDP

Value ($x1000)

% of GDP

1800 - , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ 1.4..

1.2..

1000

800

0.8%

800

0.4%

400

200

0.2%

O'l&

1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

YEAR

SOURCE : CURRENT ECONOMIC STATISTICS

Figure 6

FIJI'S EXTERNAL FISHERIES TRADE BALANCE

WITH TOP 13 COUNTRIES

(1989 VALUE)

_Trade Balance

- Import to FIJI

~ ~ Export from FIJ·1

Australia -

Canada -

China-Taiwan -

Hong Kong -

Italy -

Japan -

Korea(S) -

New Zealand -

Phlllplne -

Singapore -

-L--L--~~===c~::::r:_J ThailaUnKd --

usA

_., ......,,..,,,::,,,,,,..,:.=:Y:.,·:·,·::::,=:=:::,..,.,--,:,,,,,,,,,.·::-:::,=,·

-$20

-$10

aouRce, euReAu oF sTAT1sT1cs Import

$10

$20

Millions Export Figure 7

3.8 Page 28

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FISHING LICENCE, VESSEL AND CREW

1978 - 1989

FISHING '..ICENCES

-i1f- NO. OF CREW

-+- REGISTERED VESSELS

NUMBERS

8,000

15,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

If.

I\\ ~

- =~ V

__....-:--

11178 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 19815 1988 1987 11188 1989

FISHING LICENCES

1119 1,017 1,184 1,283 1,1500 1,41511 1,1538 1,332 1,15715 1,<427 1,787 1,8157

REGISTERED VESSELS 9715 1,118 1,22• 1,592 1,1572 1,1572 1,1580 1,323 1,834 1,159<4 1,9<42 2,112

NO. OF CREW

1,1122 2,538 2,1552 2,IIU 3,8119 3,839 3,818 3,3158 5,322 S,348 4,872 <4,3715

SOURCE: ANNUAL REPORTS

YEAR

Figure 8

FISHERIES DIVISION

ICE PRODUCTION

I I m:i 1cE PRODUcT10N +1cE IALE•

Tonnes

Thousands($)

1000 - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . - 1 0 0

4000

, I >- 110

- aoo

1000 +-- ------- -- - -- -----

-::::::::::

.::::::::•

- 1'0

2000 -;---------- ---f::ili~.."!

---- 7

- 100

1000 -

- 10

;3;;~\\.;~::

0-+-'=1r"--r-'"-T"L-r-..._,1.~r-"T"--r-'-'-'r.._,.-=,..._,.,....,'-'f'-'.....,_.-=,,=-,-1'~1"'--,,--"'~,"'--,-"",1;=.-,-J~,=..,+o

1971 191' 1810 1981 1982 1988 1U4 198' 1811 1987 IHI 1HI

IICf. PRODUCTION 1HO 17Dt.11 1142 11U 1177,1 200I U07.ll 1701,I ,047.a 1470,1 UH,U 414t

ICE IIALEI

H.78 H ,102 44,701 14,111 ID.lot 01.TII tU,11 111.011 1'7,07 ~ID.HI ll• ,Dll ..7,UI

SOURCE: ANNUAL REPORTS

YEAR

Figure 9

3.9 Page 29

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CONSUMPTION PER HEAD

1978 - 1989

B SUBSISTENCE

- 9 - FISH($)

- FJSH

-+- NONFISH($)

k}/! NONFISH

IIIIIlill IMPORT

$/HEAD

40Kg

$20

30Kg

$15

20Kg

$10

0Kg

1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989

SOURCE: CENSUS, ANNUAL REPORTS

YEAR

Figure 10

3.10 Page 30

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TABLE 1

UNLOADING QUANTITY BY BOATS IN 1989

BOATS \\ MONTH JAN

FEB

W.R

APR MAY JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV DEC Total

1) LONGLINE

SHIN KING YANG No3 0.000 0,000 81.064 0.000 0.000 63.430 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 63.316 0,000 207.810

JIN DING

0.000 0.000 100. 168 0.000 0.000 a.ooo o.oao o.ooD 108.no 0.000 0.000 0.000 208. 't38

SHENG YUH No6

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0,000 81.760 0.000 0.000 0.000 81.760

SHENG WANG No7

IIAI SHIN

0.000 0.000 0.000 69.612 0.000 0.000 0,000 103.742 0.000 0.000 0.000 75.180 248.534

0.000 0,000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0,000 0.000 0.000 97.972 0.000 0.000 o;ooo 97.972

HAI CHANG Nol

LIH FAH

LONG DAR No21

JIE YEOU No6

SHENG JYI No7

0.000

73,400

0.000

143,318

0.000

43.352

0.000

0,000

84.146

0.000

62.016

0.000

51.514

0,000

0.000

100.538 15.358

0.000 0,000

0.000 0.000

112.828 0.000

0.000 111.158

0.000

93.974

l01.532

0,000

0.000

-159. 248

218.888

244.850

174.844

195.304

LlH PENG

0.000 0.000 83.934 0.000 0.000 0.000 72.346 0.000 0.000 0.000 70.196 0.000 226.476

HUEY FAR

0.000 144.438 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 144.438

HAUR CHEUN No1 110.586 0.000 0.000 0.000 48.892 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 86.214 0.000 245.692

LIEN CHUEN WANG

Yu Hao No121

0.000 0.000 64.922 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 97.002 0.000 0.000 93.826 0.000 255.750

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 a.coo 0.000 0.000 98.520 0.000 0.000 98.520

Yu Hao No122

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0,000 92.762 0.000 0.000 92.762

CHI FONG

0.000 0.000 64.728 0.000 0.000 0,000 0.000 60,754 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 145.482

FONG KUO No111

0.000 0.000 0.000 42. 900 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 108.434 0.000 0.000 0.000 151.334

HIS HUEIIN YIH No3 0.000 0.000 60.376 0.000 0,000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 60.376

YIH HSING

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 56.350 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0,000 0.000 56.350

TUNG FA N01

0,000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 102.352 0.000 102.352

HIS YIH No32

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 60,576 0.000 60.576

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUB TOTAL

183.986 287.756 582.690 174.526 100.406 119.780 72.346 494.864 523.452 386.788 476,480 75.180 3478. 256

2) Pole & Line

H MARU No8

240.803 , 158. 726 168.253 103.946 100.144 86.430 82.406 0.000 0.000 0.000 35.046 148.9n 1124. 731

H W.RU 12

0.000 120.954 136.332 124.288 70.608 84.820 61.780 0.000 0.000 0.000 45.688 104.691 749.161

IKA No5

115. 254 104.755 111.292 50.530 40.682 26.440 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 81.no 530,723

IKA No7

119.376 56.316 80.426 67,460 70.492 22.860 32.834 17.920 0,000 0.000 28.006 37 .054 532.744

IKA No8

0.000 34.710 70.847 63,020 92. 028 32.018 41.306 53.616 0.000 8.666 7.834 37,002 441,047

INDEPENDENCE

113,608 76.386 94,880 73.344 68.538 60.956 19,222 31. 968 0.000 0.000 0.000 19.464 558.366

TRAPPER

120.118 100.750 100.546 43.166 114.792 64.994 22.548 70.168 0.000 0.000 0.000 37.672 674.754

TE TAUTAI

0,000 0.000 59.756 74.668 14.902 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 149.326

------------------~--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------·-----------

SUB TOTAL

709. 159 652.597 822.332 600.422 572. 186 378.518 260.096 173:672 0,000 8.666 116.574 466.630 4760.852

POLE & LINE

IKA No3 (SOLANDERl 63,070 66.952 67.234 55.188 n.990 57.316 13.682 0.000 13.164 34,234 10,474 50.472 509.TT6

ARINTRTONGO

73.508 95.504 68.032 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0,000 0.000 0,000 27.292 264.336

KANEATI

16.458 64.302 65.736 26.080 0.000 0,000 0,000 0.000 0,000 0.000 0,000 11.750 184,326

BAEAO

64.900 48,636 21.458 4.176 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12.985 152.155

l«lAIKA

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0,000 11.m ,,.m

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUB TOTAL

217,936 275.394 222.460 85.444 n.990 57.316 13.682 0.000 13.164 34.234 10.474114.272 1122,366

Pl.RSE SEINER

ROY J,\\.JATTS 11 183.046 0.000 0.000 54.312 0.000 0,000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

----------------------------------------~---------------------------------------------- --

SU8 TOTAL

183.046 0.000 0.000 54.312 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

--------------~---------------------------------------------------------------- -

IMPORT TOTAL

412.808 163.338 0.000: 0.000 24,860 388.448 1087.520 1293.244 349.110 844,782 348.962

0.000 237.358

0,000 4933,072

GRANO TOTAL

1706,935 1399.085 1627.482 914.706 nS.442 ~44.062 1433.644 1961.780 885.726 1274.470 952.490 656.082 14531.904

* Frozen Tuna Exported not inci.uded

4 Pages 31-40

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4.1 Page 31

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TABLE 2

UNLOADING QUANTITY OF FISH BY SPECIES AT PAFCO:

YEAR: 1989

\\ MONTH

SPECIES \\

JAN

FEB

MAR APR MAY JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV DEC TOTAL

1Hong line

ALBACORE

144.824

YELLCWFIN

0.00D

BJGEYED TUNA 0.00D

BLUE HARLIN

0.000

BLACK I/ARLIN 0.000

S\\,QRO FISH

0.000

STRIPED HARLIN 0.000

SAlt FlSH

0.000

SPEAR FISH

0.000

WAHOO

0.000

HAHi HAHi

0.000

BLUE SHARK

0.000

SKIPJACK

1.816

OTHERS

37.346

239.996

0.000

4.200

43.560

432.274 112.716

0.000 0.000

0. 000 0.000

0.000 0.000

0. 000 0.000

0.000 0.000

9.696 3.350

140.720 58.462

55.646

0.000

1.096

43.664

91.764

0.000

0.202

27.814

35.388

0.000

0,000

0.000

.0.000

0.000

·o.ooo

0.000

0.160

36.798

398. 152 409. 534

0.000 0.000

0,000 0.000

0.000 0.000

0.000 0. 000

0.000 0.000

0.000 0. 000

0.000 0, 000

0.000 0.000

1. 644 111.876

95.068 2.042

354.414 325.782

0.000 0.000

0.280 2.680

32,094 148.020

45.788

0.000

0,000

0.000

0.304

29.088

2646,278

0.000

137.304

694.676

Sub Total 183.986 287.756 582,-690 174.528 100.406 119,78D 72.346 494.864 523.452 386.788 476.482 75.180 3478.258

2)Pole & Line

ALBACORE

0.000

YELLOrlFIN

50.736

BJGEYED TUNA 0.000

SKIPJACK

876.359

OlHERS

0.000

57.332

0.000

870,659

0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

80,838 69.660 65.226 51.564

2. 132 1.298 0,652 2.508

961.822 614.908 584.298 381.884

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000

33.772

0.548

239.458

0.000

28.382

0.222

145.120

0.000

1.568

0.052

11.544

0.000

0. 000 0.000 0.000

5.246 11.630 50.643

0.000 0.000 0.000

37.654 115.418 530.259

0.000 0.000 0,000

0.000

506,597

7,412

5369,383

0.000

Sub Total 927.095 927.991 1044.792 685.866 650.176 435 .956 273.778 173.724 13.164 42.900 127,048 580,902 5883.392

3) IMPORT

ALBACORE

SKJPJACK

YELLOrlFIN

BIG EYE

OTHERS

149.242 0.000

151.128 0.000

106.468 183.380

5.752 0.000

0.000 0.000

0. 000

0.000

0. 000

0.000

24 .828 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.032 354.396 1040.250 1280.126 344.032

0.000 33,244 47.188 13.066 5·.o78

0.000 0.808 0.082 0.052 0.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

8. 196 0.000

805.580 1,552

31.006 347.410

0.000 0,000

0.000 0.000

0.000

182.266

3977.096

766.840

6.694

0.000

Sub Total 412.590 183.380 0.000 0.000 24.860 388.448 1087.520 1293.244 349. 110 844 .782 348. 962 0.000 4932.896

3) PURSE SEINER

ALBACORE

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

SKIPJACK

135.560 0.000 0.000 7.498 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 143.058

YELLC1,/FIN

14.968 0.000 0.000 0.316 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 15.284

BIG EYE

32.518 0.000 0. 000 46.498 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 79.016

OTHERS

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0, 000 0.000 0.000 0.000

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sub Total

183.046 0.000 0.000 54.312 0.000 0.000 0. 000 0.000 0.000 0. 000 0,000 0.000 237.358

GRAND TOTAL 1706.717 1399.127 1627.482 914.706 775.442 944.184 1433.644 1961.832 885.726 1274.470 952.492 656,062 14531.904

JJo

4.2 Page 32

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TABLE 3

FOOD FISHES OF FIJI BY FAMILY WITH COMMON FIJIAN NAMES

=F=-ijian-=n-a-m--e=s===

LETHRINIDAE

~wy~~

Ksaaf:b:uattu1a

SS~aa1&uuttiuuidvkauumLduai

SERRANIDAE

~awss,;a1araaewdaamu

~n,l<awak.awa

DKaev~u~bulewa

SCOMBRIDAE

Vsaolfaonlaimol i

Watu

~¥~~~toga

~Meald~.e~ra~1nTuna

CARANGIDAE

~RY;aa~itn:;uol[ooewa Runner

ACANTHURIDAE

~:::.--...-a=:

TBaablaagc1~

SIGANIDAE

Nuqa

MULLIDAE

MKi ataroko

TRICHIURIOAE

Tovisi

=KLEaIiOkGaNi ATHIDAE

GERREIDAE

Matu

HAEMULIDAE

sevaseva

TERAPONIDAE

Qitawa

Reve

CHANIOAE

Yawa

CHIROCENTRIDAE

VO~=

-CMO-aRh-Yim=PHahA-iE-NI-D=AE

SCATOPHGIOAE

Batekau

S-KY=irPiHsOiSrIiD=wAaEi

=TE=TR-A-D--O-N=TI-D-A=E

Sumusumu

Scientific names

xneabnutnloocshusI la

LLL...vrmearta1jtciesugenlaaatutuss,L,L.s.ermub1rcJ1,onptuesrculatus

GWLL..y.emkm.aonoLs(nsolaOcglrlapalbtntu1e1csruuusssspp.

c1EE;..Pmmimo1eecirnrrpa~aLotunuss spp.

PPE..lrcautnsrccoeopogoLunatuttusastuspsp.

SMSRcceoaarsan~aeeersr0lpo1l11jJsg1a,0Geersurrs,;ss1ppcllopplrl..rlarntoerrscoymnus

gITEC~uvutmshnwyntnnuoonssnauursadsalpabetu~fnc1la1anmcr1Qe1sssLor

ScCEae.arbraal1<nnp;xxtirn.cnsLrpuuUpLmg.aeutnbuorsipshthalmus

AAN..axtsroainout,hsmtoecpgoturensru1ss

SS..cshpriynsuoss,Sp,1yLeorms,Sic.duolaL~1uastus

Upen~us vittatus,U.sulphureus

P". l 11d 1CUS

T. haumeta

L.equutus,L.fasciatus,G.minuta

Gerrus spp.

Plectorhynchus spp.

TM.1ja<rnberui a

Chanos chanos

C.dorab

C.hippurus

s .argus

Kyphosus spp.

Arothron stellatus

Fijian names Scientific names

LUTJANIDAE

L~gairdvamu

Kake

BsUeotow1,,1dtori.

ORUoplusa;,qi._aapm.abl<o~a1.

Regua

!y.~mrpgheonrtu1smnaecmulaatttoupshorus

...oQn.oiu1n:i~an1rqfulaelll.l1llma eatus,L.fulvus

AAg-~Ja1r0r.,enuubss..lrrue~1CfanSs ..

ar.1r.astt,11;amPe0osm1re00n1s~dtseu,ssLa.ksmp.aparl.1abar1. cus

'L. r1vulatus

SCARIDAE

KUalLay1ia

sBcoalbruoms estopppo. n mur.,catus

BELONIDAE

Saku

Tylosuros spp.

HEMIRHAMPHIDAE

Busa

Hemirhamphus spp.

POLYNEMIDAE

UKceulaluka

PL..olalecbteeriu1su,sP.microstomus

ELOPIDAE

Yavuta

M. cyprinoides

MUGILIDAE

~~gxl1!csea

M.ceohalus

VLL...msveeah1lemglo1ep,nVtse.ibsruachanan1.

SPHYRAENIDAE

Oqo

Sphyraena spp.

oC=LaUniPvIDaAE

H,quadrimaculatus

LABREDAE

Varivoce

Cheilinus undulatus

OASYADIDAE

Vaidina

A. kuhli i

CARCHARH IN IDAE

Qio

CICHLIOAE

NCeagrcaphra1rohninus spp,,Triaenodon,

Haleya

T.mossambica

GEHPLIOAE

Ma lake

P. prometh eus

MURAENESOCIDAE

Ikasa

M.cinereus

PLATACIDAE

vunavuna

Platax spp.

OSTRACIDAE

Toa

O.tuberculatus

HOLOCENTRIDAE

Corocoro

Hyripristis spp.

KUHUIDAE

~~~~~~ka

KK..brui ptuensutrliasta

DIODONTIDAE

sokisoki

D.hystrix

~NGRAULIDAE

Vaya

T.balama

Vesa(Smoked fish}

4.3 Page 33

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TABLE 3 CONT••.

NON FISH SEAFOOD OF FIJI WITH COMMON FIJIAN NAMES

Fijian names

Scientific names

Fijian names

PRAWN

Hoci

Ura

CRAB

oar\\

Kulcadamu

Ugavule

Kulcaloa

Qarivatu

Lairo

uraudina

Mana

BIVALVES

Kailcoso

Kaidamu

Qaqa

Sigawale

Vasuadina

Katavatu

Cega

Civa

Kuku

KaHF/Wl

TURTLE

Taku

vonudina

P. concinnus

P. canaliculatus, P. monodon,

M.equidens, H.rosenbergii, H.lar

sS..

paramamosain

erythrodactyla

Birgus latro

H. messor

T. crenata

c.carnifex

P. versicolor, P. ornatus,

P. penicillatus

T. anomala.

A. cornea

Periglypta puerpera

Gafrarium tumidum

Atactodea striata

T. derasa

T. maxima

T. squamosa

Pinctada magaritifera

Modiolus agripetus

Batissa violacea

Eretmochelys imbricata

Chelonia mydas

GASTRAPODS

Yaga

sici

Tovu

Madral i

Golea

orevula

ECHINODERMS

Daire

Loaloa

vula ·

cawaki

sucuwalu

SEAWEEDS

Nama

Lumiwawa

MISC

Tadruku

Veata

Kui ta

Scientific names

Lambis lambis

Trochus nilot1cus

Trochus pyramis

Nerita polita

Strombus gibberulus

Polinices flemingiana

Hetriatyla scabra

Hicrothele nobillis

Bohadschia marmorata

Tripneustes gratilla

Hicrothele fuscogilva

Caulerpa racemosa, caulerpa sp.

Gracilaria verrucosa

Acanthozostera gemmata

Dolabella auricularia

Octopus sp

·:i..n:n

4.4 Page 34

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TABLE 4

MEAN PRICE OF FISH PRODUCTS IN MUNICIPAL MARKETS IN 1969

~pecies

Weighted

Mean prfce

!<----CENTRAL O.IV ---->!<-:-------------:-----------WESTERN

Navua Nausori Korovou S1gatoka Nad1 Namaka Lautoka

DIVBa--------T-a-v-u--a--:R--a-k>1 lr<aNidDRLaTbHas>aI

J/Kg

$2.93 2.71 3.10 2.49 3.23 2.96 3.10 3.14 2.96 2.77 2.80 2.08

Kawago

Kac11<.a

Sabutu

Kabat1a

Mama

DBougon.ivud'1

Sa utudamu

Sa utukula

Kawa .. awa

Kavu

Kas~La

Sen, l<awa kawa

oonu

OSaetaablaulewa

mtoo\\ WWSaaanl"uaoolanh• toga

veli~fln

Mackera Tuna

~~~~Loa

Yatvle .

Vot,n1mol 1

Rarnoow Runner

Ose

MLaa1tdaarmouko

Dam1,1

Batl

Ka .. e

Regua

B~ovto.

sew1dr1

§UgL:u~q~ap.ba~i

Bedford

Ta~ace

~a ag1

KuafLavHil

Ker~l<erecula

Uculuka

Kela

Koto

Kava

Kanace

t:,ol 1sa

o,tawa

~~nhna

Shark

~~~~

Sal<u

Yawa

VOCi5lo1vo1.

TOV]Sl •

KMaa1t.11kimllah1

GMBuaartite,u11<a. u . .

s, r1s1 r1wa1

SCuemv1,a1 seva

var1voce

Mii ake

Ikasa

¥gQT~gQa f i s h )

Corocoro

~~M~gka

!I~! Ie~

!~-ii

$2: §a.

2.9• t~s-

2.89

2.57

3.03

·0

!:~~ 38 4.22 4.19 z:

4.16

i:gs ~:~B

~:~8

1 98

~21.;:7Q~~l

~:~

2 65

3'.80

3.03

!il

2.17

~-:J~

2 j~

;;;g

2.00

2.12

3. 24-

2.47

,.96

2._08

;.~8

;;;;

1.80

3.00

::::

1.83

2.83

2.00

2.14

,.60

1:il

1:~a

¥~~~sumu

$2.84

3.40 2.00

Nathaly

$T.85

1.85

is:~& ¥~f~ed-;~sh

3.01 4.50 . 4.02 4.47 5.56

5.00 5.00

!:Il

4.5 Page 35

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TABLE 5

MEAN PRICE OF NONFISH PRODUCTS IN MUNICIPAL MARKETS IN 1989

($/Kg) Weighted !<---------CENTRAL DIV.---------->l<-----------------WESTERN DIV.--------------->i<NORTH)J

Species Mean price Navua Suva Nausori Korovou Sigatoka Nadi Lautoka Ba Tawa Rtiki raki Labasa

PRAWNS

Moci

$6.18

Ura

$9.09 7.00

LOBSTERS

Uraudina $1 t. 05

Uraukula

Urautamata

Mana

$2.34

CRABS

earl

$8.60 5.52

0arivatu $3.63

Kukaloa $2.41

Kukadamu $2.39

Lairo

$2.95

BIVALVES

Kai

$0.41 0.32

Kaikoso $0.49 0,20

Kaidawa $0.78 0.50

aaqa

$0.41

Kaivadra

Sigawale $0,46

Vasuadina $1.26

Katavatu $2.59

aeqe

$0.60

Clva

$0,35

Kul:.u

$0.53

Civaciva $1.46

Kalokalo

$1.00

GASTROPODS

Yaga

$0.88

Tivikea $0.37

Golea

S1c1

$0.58 0.90

$2.03

Tovu

$0.80

Madral i $0.47 0.77

ECHINODERMS

Oalro

Vula

$0.61 1.53

Loaloa

$1.20 1. 20

Sucuwalu

Ori

$1.02

cawaki

$1.19 1. 00

TURTLES

Vonudina $3.21 3.00

Taku

SEA \\./EEO

Lumiwawa $1.52 1.37

Sagati

$1.51

Naina

MISC.

Tadruku $1.66

Veata

$1.96

Kuita

$2,69

7.35 7.16

8.83 9.06

12.00 9.89

5.40 4.50 3.79 3.60 3.81

12.49 12.63 6.20 9.66 9.61 6,29

11.78

12.00

5.18

2.24 2.59

8.53 9.72

7.71 10.82 10. 15 5.62 9.28 9,47 5.08

3.63

2.54

2.17 2.69

2.60 2.50 2.60 2.34 2.50 2.30

2.55 2.58 2.34 2.27 2.25 2.30

2.86 2.66 3.00

3.21 2.75 3.22 3.02 2.56 2,75

0.31 Q.32 0.39 0,40 0.53 0,48 0.51 0,54 0.52 0.28

0,46 0,36

0.64 0.59 0.59 0.61 0.62 0.29

1.61 0.68

0.66 0.58 0.58 0.60 0.61 0.32

0.25 0.24

0.58 0.40

0.28

0.44 0.37

0.46 0.55 0.40

1.12 2.52

3.00

0.60

2.80 2.53 2.74 2.55

2,63

0.60

1.00 0.32

0.35

0.67 0.35

1.46

0.35 0,34 0.48 0,36

0.34

0.18

1.00

0,62

1.41 0.91

0.32 0;25

0.72 0.36

2.21 1.86

a1..s0o0

0.60

0.24

0.63 0,63 0.69 0.60 0.67 2.83

0.60 2.19

0.47 0.48 0.48 0.49 0.40 0.96

1.59 2.47

0.50

0.60

0."45

0.40 0.42

0.43

0.95 0.69

0.53 0.62 0.59 0.51 0.52 2.43

1.02

1.41 0.65

3.50

1.00 0.90

1.01 1.03

1.65 2.17

1.97 2.00

2.65 2.53

2.50

3.00 3.00

3.00

2.95

3.00

2.00 2.00 1.74 2.00 2,00 2.60

2.36

2.00 2.00 1.69 2.00 7..00 2.51

1.26 2.00

0.80 0.50 2.50

2.00 2.00 1.74 2,00 2.00 2.60

3.00 2.96 3.00 2.92

3.50

4.6 Page 36

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TABLE 6

VOLUME OF FlSH SALES THROUGH MUNICIPAL MARKETS IN 1989

Species

TGORATANOL !<N--a-v-u--a---CNEaNusToRriAKLorDoIvVciu---T--o-t-a-l>1S<i-g-a-t-o-k--a---N--a-d-i-----N-a~mEakSaTELRauNtoliOa JVIBSaION--T--a-v-u-a----R--a-k--ir-a--k-i---T>]o<taNlORLTabHas>aI

GRAND TOTAL(Mt) 643.77 19.51 33.50 1.51 54.52 4.27 96.73 11.85 '180.40 107.19 49.89 35.85 486.18 103.07

Fresh fish {Mtl 618.40 19.35 31.89 1.41 52.65

Vesaisalted(Mt)--25 37___ 0-16----1-61 ____0_10 ---1-87-

~!~,igamaa!Va

11 '.l

·.,,

ffi~iK~awiaviau~w~ad~i

~aavsauka

awakawa

taaraiewa

81.

'I.

~au

'matono~ttoga

! ::,

Mac~lt~er7alnTuna

V~~Yaf;io:n1l,1to1ea~Rl'1unner

: ti

Ose

bM~aat~mrouko

KBaakt1e

11:':.

~ua

Mto1,1do.

I: I

ii~f'd~a:l .

osr1m1

aa aagga1e~

uffvi

1 :.,i

~ry~~recula

~au a

Itvoa

fMOra1csea

tawa

3,:

~l~kna

Li0 •

TO1V\\1)S01] ,

:1 ~'

ial;lkmah1

M:!aetu~~u

~rvva1ss1e.vr1a.wa.1

1,1

var1race

~Mae

ffff6 TVeoouarno?~onXroa f 'lS h)

YDaavwna1ltSpvrpoOaa1av~a1a.1

• 1·

•'

~Va~a~~WU

..,,,,

)

3.63 96.04 11.85 179.77 106.85 49. 46 35.82 483.42 82.33

0 6L----0-69____0 00----0-63___ 0-34____0_43___ 0 03___ 2.76

, .'7

I•~

1 •'

3' •

·'

1:• •I,

:•

20.74

:, ~

~ 1 :, ,

:i ;, ~

··1,

1 :i

:.I!

...

1 ...

3 . 1 ..

1: !

•I

,·11'.

)

. t..

..:

•I

I:,

• 11

:• I,

.:i'

: .. .'

..,

....

.. 1

. ..

! 1.

' ..

....

•I

j•

I•

.. 2 ··'' ..

.:~;

...

I ...

....

.. 0 ...

.. .

• ' 11

• 1,

.......

.•.

....

4.7 Page 37

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TABLE 7

VOLUME oi:-NoN- Ft_SH SALES THROUGH MUNICIPAL MAru::ETS IN 1989

GRAND l<-----------CENTRAL DIV.------------>l<------------------~ESTERN DIV.---------------------->l<NORTK>I

Species TOTAL Suva Navua Nausori Korovou Total Sigatoka Nadi Lautoka Ba T.ivua Rakiraki Total L11basa

\\.lt(Mt) 1049.65 297.63 27.88 168.72 8.09 502.32 20.98 80.22 190.91 123.92 69.27 29,85 515. 15 32.18

PRAWNS

Moci

3.37 1.41 0.00 0.57 0.00 1.98 0.00 0.41 0,69 0.20 0.06 0.03 1,39 0.00

Ura

7.64 2.97 0.04 0.77 0.00 3.78 0.00 0.61 0.61 1.22 0.13 0.23 2.80 1.06

LOBSTERS

Uraudina 0.70 0.04

Uraukula 0.00- 0.00

0.00

0.15

0.00

0.19

0.00

0. 00

0o..o0o0

0.-16

0.00

0.02

0.00

o. i8

0.00

0.33

0.00

Urautama 0.00

Mana

5.41

0.00

3.62

0.00

1.59

0. 00

0.00

5.41

0.00

0,00

0o..o0o0

0.00

CRABS

0ari

_28,46

Qarlvatu 0.52

5,84

o.oo

0,50

0.00

6.32

0.00

0.00 12.66

0.00 0.00

0.67

0.00

0.99

0.15

2.17

0.00

3.56

0.00

0.31

0.00

0.38

0.00

8.08

0.15

7.72

0.37

Kukaloa 11.98 5.67 0.00 3.92 0.00 9.59 0.00 1.15 0.20 0.32 0.47 0.06 2.20 0.19

Kukadamu 1.99

Lairo

6.44

0.00

0.85

o0..o0o0

0.00

1 .00

0.00

0.07

0.00

1.92

0,00

o.oo

0.27

2.32

0.36

0,75

0.37

0.87

0.63

0.97

0.08

0,97

1.71.

S.88

0.28

0.64

BIVALVES

Kai

816.02 219.93 26.81 134.00 8.02 388.76 20.31 57.32 162.07 104.56 52.01 21.44 417.71 9.55

Kaikoso 63.89 29.40 0.09 9.97 0.00 39.46 0.00 4.45 4.26 2.84 4.42 1.88 17.85 6.58

Kaidawa 11.55 l.84 0.02 1.49 0.00 3.35 0.00 1.76 2.20 1.40 1.67 0.84 7.87 0.33

aaqa

0.90

Kaivadra 0.03

Sigawale 2.35

0.40

0.00

0.47

o0..o0o0

0.00

0.01

0.00

0.28

0.00

oo..oooo

0.41

0,00

0,75

0,00

0.00

0.40

0.00

0.98

0.09

0.00

0.42

0.00

0,00

0.20

0.00

0.49

0.00

1.60

0.00

0.03

0.00

Vasuadin 3.93 '3.43 0.00 0.36 0.00 3.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14

Katavatu 9.61

Qeqe

0.25

0.04

0.08

0.00

0.04

0.08

o0..o0o0

1.90

0.00

5.99

0.00

0.59

0.00

0.75

0.00

0o..o0o0

9.23

0.00

0,34

0.17

Civa

1.08

Kuku

3.40

Civaciva 0.64

0,05

1 .49

0.64

o0..o0o0

0.00

o1..0132

0.00

1.08

1.61

0.64

0.00

0.16

0.00

0.36

0.00

0.52

0,00

0.00

0o..o3o8

0.00

0,00

0.00

1.42

0,00

0.00

0.37

0.00

Kalokalo 0.06 0,00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06

0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0,00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.17

GASTROPODS

Yaga

Tivikea

Golea

7.83

0;30

5.05

2.10

0,15

2.06

0.00

0.07

0.67

0.02

0.21

o0..o0o0

0.00

2.77

0.17

2.34

0.00

o1..o1o1

0.88

0.99

0.00

0.58

1.21

0.00

0,38

1.09

o0..0sa0

0.20

0.04

0.12

4.60

0.04

2.54

0.46

0.09

0.17

Sici

2.72 1.14 0.00 0.34 0.00 1.48 0.00 D,00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.90

Tovu

0.39 0.19 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.00 0,06 0.02

Madral i 0.37 0,05 0,05 0,02 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.10 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.03

ECHINODERMS

Daire 27.75

4.26

0.21

1.47

o.oo

5.94

0.00

3.91

6.44

4.30

4.63

2.49 21.77

0.04

Vula

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0,00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ' 0.00 0.00

Loaloa 0.01

sucwalu 0.00

Ori

0.42

0,00

0.42

0o..0e1o

0.00

0. 00

0.00

0.01

0.00

0.42

0.00

0,00

0.00

0o..o0o0

0,00

0.00

0,00

Cawaki 2.47 1.74 0.01 0.69 0.00 - 2.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03

TURTLES

Vonudina 1.66

Taku

0.05

0.00

0.04

0.00

0.24

0.00

0.28

0.00

0,00

0.06

0.00

0.08

0.00

0o..o1o5

0o..o0o0

0.29

0.00

1.09

0.05

SEAWEED

Lumiwawa 3.79

Sagatl 0.05

Nama

4.88

1.14

0.00

1.19

0.03

0.00

0.46

0.00

0.82

0.00

1.63

0.00

2.01

0.00

0,39

a0..s0o0

0o..o6o9

0.63

0.46

0.00

0.55

0.32

0.00

0.45

0.21

0.00

0.26

2.07

0.00

2.39

0.09

0.05

0.48

MISC .

Tadruk.u

Veata

Kuita

3.59

2.41

3.46

3.04

0.70

1.08

o0..o0o0

o.oo

0.32

0.52

1.24

0.00

3.36

1.22

2.32

0.00

0.08

0.18

0, 14

0.02

0.34

0.59

0.00

0.27

0.10

0.01

0.09

0.11

0.09

0.19

0.00

0,20

1.07

0.94

0.03

0.12

0.20

4.8 Page 38

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TABLE 8

VOLUME OF FISH SALES AND VALUE..• PER DIVISION BY MAJOR FAHILIES

I<---- CENTRAL DIVISION --->I<------- ESTERN DIVISION ------>I<------- NORTHERN DIVISION ------->f

Fami Ly name Markets outlets Total

Markets Outlets Total

Markets outlets Total

Wt (Ht)

54.52 2539.88 2594.40

486.18 790.94 1277.12

103.07 793.28 896.35

Lethrinidae

Serranidae

scombridae

Carangidae

Mu l lidae

L_utj anidae

Acanthuridae

Scaridae

Belonidae

Polynem1dae

Elopidae

Hugi l idae

Siganidae

Sphyraenidae

Trichuridae

Leiognathidae

Gerridae

Haemul idae

Theraponidae

Smoked Fish

Salted Fi sh

Misc.

6.48

2.98

1.24

2.55

3.38

4.62

1.20

1.45

0.36

t.85

0.27

11.32

1.45

1.02

1..16

4.66

0.90

0.24

1. t3

1.87

o.oo

4,39

412.01

418.23

401.55

158, 28

45.58

214.76

61 .52

175.97

8.00

13.23

2.17

252. 16

25,80

36.17

16.38

43.08

8,92

14.87

17.57

0.09

o.oo

213.54

418.49

421. 21

402. 79

160.83

48.96

219.38

62.72

177.42

8.36

15.08

2.44

263.48

27. 25-

37.19

17.54

47.74

9.82

15. 11

18.70

o1..o9o6

217.93

94.45

46.90

79.03

43.06

5.26

51.57

5.47

7.05

0.86

4.41

0.58

30.02

5.57

49.90

9.66

6.54

1 .62

4,68

3.01

o2..o76o

33.78

127.80

76.55

253.86

74.76

1. 92

90.79

T.95

29.39

0.13

0.80

0.17

17.56

4.38

59.43

1.87

1.83

0.18

9.75

1.40

0.00

36.42

222.25

123.45

332.89

117 .82

7.18

142.36

7.42

36.44

0.99

5.21

0.75

47.58

9.95

109.33

11.53

8.37

1.80

14.43

4.41

2.76

0.00

70.20

7.18

2.48

14.f2

11.32

2.07

8.51

3.46

2.35

0.76

2.42

0.62

6.68

0.26

7.45

0.14

2.05

0.48

1.85

0.26

14.60

6.14

7.87

90.94

54.30

170.93

89.78

11.63

56.09

16.16

92.46

2.82

14.10

2.54

51,34

6.18

67.30

0.13

7.60

3.32

22,21

0.79

0.00

32.66

98.12

56.78

185.05

101. 10

13.70

64.60

19.62

94.81

3.58

16.52

3.16

58.02

6.44

74.75

0.27

9.65

3.80

24.06

1.05

14.60

6.14

40.53

Fami Ly name

Grand Total

WT(Mt) $ (000)

4767.87 14716.01

Markets Markets Outlets

WT(Mt) $(000) WT(Ht)

643.77 1891. 73 4124.10

Outlets

$(000)

12824.28

Lethrinidae

Serranidae

Scombridae

Carangidae

Hullidae

Lutjanidae

Acanthuridae

Scaridae

Belonidae

Polynemidae

Elopidae

Mugi l idae

Siganidae

Sphyraenidae

Trichuridae

leiognath1dae

Gerridae

Haernulidae

Theraponidae

Smoked Fish

Salted Flsh

Misc,

738.86

601.44

920.73

379.75

69,84

426.34

89.76

308.67

12. 93

36.81

6.35

369.08

43.64

221. 27

29.34

65.76

15.42

53.60

24.16

19.32

6, 14

328.66

2547.36

2103.88

2814.83

1138.42

206.69

1296.57

264.92

906.13

31.85

98.29

13.19

1144. 36

160. 17

553.72

54.32

2.15.32

41.97

152.10

71.85

62.43

50,74

786.90

108. 11

52.36

94.39

56.93

10.71

64.70

10.13

10.85

1.98

8.68

1.47

48.02

7.28

58.37

10.96

13. 25

3.00

6.77

4.40

19.23

6.14

46.04

392.81

195.54

240.22

159.64

26.74

197,69

23.90

25.63

4.30

22.48

2.68

127.73

26.48

158.55

17.28

-33. 34

6.90

20.54

10.87

62.08

50;74

85.59

630.75

549.08

826.34

322.82

59. 13

361.64

79.63

297.82

10.95

28.13

4.88

321.06

36.36

162.90

18.38

52.51

12.42

46.83

19.76

0.09

a.co

282.62

2154.55

1908.34

2574.61

978.78

179.95

1098.88

241.02

880.50

27.55

75.81

10.51

1016.63

133.69

395.17

37.04

181. 98

35.07

131. 56

60.98

0o..o3o5

701.31

TABLE 9

VOLUME OF NON FISH SALE & VALUE.•• PER DIVISION BY MAJOR GROUPS

[<---- CENTRAL DIVISION--->[<------- ESTERN DIVISION------>!<------- NORTHERN DIVISION------->!

Family name Markets Outlets Total

Markets Outlets Total

Market Outlets Total

Wt(Mt)

502,32 323.84 826.16

515.15 118, 10 633.25

32.18 117.39 149.57

Crustaceans

Bivalves

Gastropods

Echinodenns

Sea weed

Turtles

Misc.

35.52

439.95

7.19

8.80

3.64

0,28

6.94

50.55

257.46

1.81

5.19

2.36

3.01

3.46

86.07

697.41

9.00

13.99

6.00

3.29

10.40

22.39

456.23

7.79

21.77

4.47

0.29

2.21

91.78

23.42

o.oo

0.00

0,40

2.?0

114.17

479.65

7.79

21.77

o4,.4,s7i

4.71

10.59

17.74

1.67

0.07

0,62

1. 14

0,35

38.05

0.20

0.00

33.97

0.00

0.34

44.83

48.64

17. 94

1.67

34.04

0.62

1.48

45.18

Fami Ly name

Grand Total

Wt (Ht) $COOOl

1608. 98 2773.56

Markets Mark.$ts 0-Jtlets

.Wt (Mt) $(000) Wt(Ht)

1049.65 868.93 559.33

outiets

$(000)

1904.63

1rus taceans

',Ii valves

)astropods

khinodenns

iea weed

lurtles

lisc.

"'====

248,88

1195.00

18.46

69.80

11-09

5.46

60.29

1837.07

484.37

21. 76

75.86

16. 16

17.68

320.66

68.50

913.92

16.65

30.64

8.73

1. 71

9.50

383.17

408.55

17.45

20.49

13.85

5,19

20.23

180.38

281.08

1.81

39.16

2.36

3.75

50.79

1453. 90

75.82

4.31

55.37

2.31

12.49

300.43

4.9 Page 39

▲back to top

TABLE 10

VOL~~E OF. FISH SALES THROUGH NON MUNICIPAL MARKETS IN 198~

Spec.ies

GTROATNAOL [H<-/-c-r-k---L-a-q--e-re--HR--eoCst&eElCsNafTBfR/tAJDtLclehDresIrSVu~p-hm-o-pK-s-ts---sR-i,-do-.ei-ds----U-A-un>xi1t <R'-H-e-os-&t-e-cl-asWfFB/t~DJtTeEersRrSNuSphmooprJvstt.s---sR-i-,oo-ae>dsl<S--Su-hp-om-NpKsOtsRRHTeosH&teEclsaRfBFN/LDJOtclenlVresr.--UA-n-1-~>t I

GRAND TOTAL(Ht)4124.10 236.01 128.79 88.85 738.04 501.14 765.48 81.57 357.61 ~2.50 114.27 256.55 104.02 14.80 572.60 101.87

Fresh fish (Ht)4124.01235.92128.79 88.85 738.04 501.14 765.48 81.57 357.61 62.50 114.27 256.55 104.02 14.80 572.60 101.87

vesa/salted(Htl o 09

I~f'~~io

Sa~Utl,l

maa t i a

SS~aaaawv~uuuao~tnuuai~wvauuaTduaj

Kas;,la

in1kawakawa

WaI~au~ualewa

\\.lam -

l!lr

ti17:

211,;l

~~ i

•'

0-09

1 '"

o. oo

1•

o oo o oo o oo - o oo-- o-oo___o_oo___o_oo___o_oo___o_oo___o_oo-- ·o oo o oo -0-00-

. I 2°'.J '-1

>: {,, : :J

)

7 1'·1

1 .I

2 : ll

I:,

3. 1

.:1 11.:1

1 :,

I. 20

2 :1

1g ~ ., 1

.. ~

I '.'ii

I .. ·•I,I

1 ·•

• I:

. I.

J :i t ·' "

:1 '

:i • .

, :,

:1 )

!:,

) 21:

7 :!

~· .:!, .

rn'J~~toga

H~aec,kf.e~rarinTuna

❖gt~li SSaa~aa oa

~f, Runner

I•

f:,,, "..' ~

1i:

::,,

I :,

Ose

baaam1t1~,1raomkuo

~:~~

ffoegua

~H~~tO~l,aJd. ~i .

iaoa saargc~11e~~m1

Tf .

U fYl

l,·::1,"!

;•JI

r: 21:1:

I•

~~rTf~recula

" I:

t~Oavataou a

0!'.1laot~a~111csaea

Se~av, ar~na

~uqa

sY~aw~~a

0§01yoj

f1! ..·,,, 2l:

1,. !

1i:

1!:

TM~aiJ~iSi:f\\•i

Is1eaau1,1mvttrre1u1av,1~ssae1uvraiwai

amgce

~ ~asa

!ag~f~Qafish)

rogoro

5H::,i

4 .~

I:,

I .,

·1

I :I

, :,

I: 1:

,;· 1

l I:

I :1

r· :1

,,•I

10: :' I;

·, ~ : II

.. .. I•

I :, 3 :.

•:

I :,

:'.1,

•.

•! ;i:

: .g 1: J

::,,?,

i l

)

:1 1 ::

·,

li!

·:,,

. •• II

I ,I

.:,,

:I '·, l

I :'.1I

•I

;

6 :.i, 1 :1

1 :1

3 :,

. ,,•l

!'I

;

> ,.

4 :,

I ·:

1' .:,i

:'.1,

:1 J

tsI0~1pa1r$pgQ1~aa,1

ya1Vwl pav1

2g~~~fy

•I

I•

2, :·

~~r~~u

:, ....

J i . -- ga~r J1r.is~

Castroflsh

1,: ) . .

V-e-sa----------------0-.0-9-----0-.0-9-----0-.0-0---

0-,00---0--.0-0--

0- .00

b: )

0.00 0.00

0.00

o.oo

ARNFue//0xscfkeuCrnasfit==== ARNFiueassxb,.~1u, alk~uearlaaarynuletcur&rsne.ieCtkafe

4.10 Page 40

▲back to top

TABLE 11

VOLUME OF NON FISH SALES· AT NON MUNICIPAL MARKETS IN 1989

Species

!<--------------CENTRAL orv.---------------->l<------WESTERN orv.----->l<----NORTHERN orv.----->l

GRANO

Htls ButcheShops Road Aux Htls Butcheshops Road Htls Butcher Shops Au_x

TOTAL N/Crk LagereRes&CafF/dlrsSupmkt sides Unit Res&CafF/dlrsSupmkt sides Res&ca F/dlrs Supmk.ts lkll t

Wt(Mt)

559.33 40.51 4.97 10.11 0.57 9. 94 254. 20 3.54 71.34 0.06 1.56 45.14 1.10 97.87 10.85 7.57

PRAWNS

Moci

2.01 0.44 0.65

Ura

63.41 1.28 1. 19

LOBSTERS

Uraudina

52.29 2.08 0.04

Mana

0.92 0.00 0.03

st ipper

2.74 1. 97 0.00

CRABS

aari

aarivatu

5•1..D2O8

1. 96 1. 95

0.0D 0.00

Kukaloa

4.73 2. 75 0.70

Kukadamu

0.57 0.08 0.00

Lairo

2.10 0.54 0.17

·3' spotted

0.33 0.00 0.00

BIVALVES

Kai

275.28 11.90 0.00

Kaikoso

2.77 0.80 0.00

Kaidawa

Qaqa

0,01 0.01 0.00

0.00 Q;OO 0.00

Kaivadrll

0.31 0.31 0.00

Sigawale

1.48 1.48 0.00

Vasuadina

0.33 0.00 0.00

Katavatu

0.14 0.05 0.00

Qeqe

0.62 0.62 0.00

Civa

0.15 0. 15 0.00

Kuku

Civaciva

0o..o0o0

0.00

Ka Lokalo

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0. 00 0.00

GASTROPODS

Yaga

0.02 0.02 0.00

Tivikea

0.66 0.66 0.00

Gol'ea

0.55 0.55 0.00

Sici

0.60 0.60 0.00

Tovu

Madral i

0.00 0.00 0.00

ECHINODERMS

Daire

sucuwalu

0, 16 0.02 0.00

0.73 0,07 0.00

Greenfi sh (BOH)

8.49 0.06 0.00

Drilol i (BDM)

10.32 O.D6 0.00

Tarasea

8.03 4.97 0,00

Tuvula !Lal

6.25 0.00 0.00

Leal.ca

0.25 0.00 0.00

Sucudrpu

Taraqa

0.20 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00. 0.00

Vula

1.10 0.00 0.00

uiulevu(Curryfishl 0.36 0,00 0.00

DrivattJ

0.01 0.00 0.00

Ori

3.25 0.00 0.00

TURTLES

Vonudiria

3.51 , • 34 0.00

Taku

0.24 0.00 0.24

SEAWEED

Lomiwawa

1.09 1.09 0.00

Sagoti

0.00 0, 00 0.00

Nama

1.27 1.27 0.00

MISC.

Tadruku

1.20 1. 20 0.00

:,.'eata

1.21 1.21 0.00

Kuita

3.94 0. 97 0.00

Trochus shells

35.99 0. 00 0.00

Turtle shells

0.02 0.00 0.00

MOP shells

8.41 0. 00 0.00

0.00

5.34

o0..0103

o.oo

8.26

0.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

2.55 3.11 22.34 0.00 1.54

0.00 0.00

5.35 0.46

0.00

6.56

0.00 0..00

4.93 0.37

2.27

0o..o0o0

0.20

0.00

o0..o3o0

0.00

0.55

0.89

0.00

3o5..o5o0

0.06

0.00

0.02

0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.30

0.00 0.00

9.13

0.00

0.77

o1..o6o1 0o..o2o3

0.00 o.oo

2.50

0.00

0o..o0o0

o.oo

0.20

0.00

o1..o3o6

oo..oooo

0.00

o.oo

4.32 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 15.76 0.34

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0,00 0.00

1. 28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00

0.54 0.00

0.00

0o..o0.0o

0.00

0.49 0.00

0.72 0.00

0,00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

7.50

0.00

0.13

0,33

4,31 1.08

0.00 0.00

0.00 o.oo

0.00 0.00

0.00 0,00

0.00 0.00

o.oo

0.00

0o..0o0o

0.00 240.16 ·0.00

o.oo 1. 97 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0,00 0. 00

0.40 0.00 0.00 22.82 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0,00 0.00 0,00 · 0.00 0.00

0.00

o0.,o0o0

·0o..0oo0

0.00

0,00

0.00 0,00

0.00

0o..o0o0

0.00

o0..o0o0

0.00

0.00 0. 00

0.00 0.00

0.(Y.) 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00

o0..o0o0

0.00

0o..o0o2

0.00

0.00 0.00

0.20 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00

0.11

0.09

0.00

o.oo

0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00 0. 00 0.00

0o..o0o0

0o..0o0o

0.00

oo0o....ooo0ooo0

0. 00 0.00

0oo.:.oo0oo0·

0. 00

0.00

0. 00

0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00

o0..0o0o

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00

o0..o0o0

0.00

o0..o0o0

0.00 .0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0. 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0. 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0o..o0o0

0o..o0o0'

0.00

0o..0oo0

0.00

0.00 0.00

aa..ccoo

0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00 · 0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00

O.DD

0.00

0,00

o0..o0o0

0.00 0.00 0.00

o0..o0o0

0.00

o0..o0o0

0.00

Q.00

o0..o0o0

0o..o0o0

0.00

0. 00

0.00

oQ..o0o0

0.00 0. 00 0.00

0.00

o0..o0o0

0.00 0.00

0.00 0. 00

0.00 0.00

0.00 o.oo o.oo

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0. 00

a0..c0o0

o0..o0o0

0. 00

0.00

0.00 0.00. 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0,00 0.00 0.47

0.00 0.00 8.43

0.00 0.00 10.21

0.00 0.00 3.02

0.00 0.00 6.25

0.00 0.00 0.05

0,00 0.00 0.12

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.03

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.-00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00

o.oo

0.14

0.19

0,00 0.00

0.00 0.05

0.00 0,04

0,00 0.00

0.00 0.20

0.00

o0..o0o8

0.00 1.07

0.00 0.36

0.00 0.01

0.00 3.25

0.00

o0..o0o0

1.00 0. 43

0.00 0.00

0.40 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00

0,00 0.34

0.00 o.oo

0.00 0. 00 o.oo

0.00 0.00 o.oo

0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0. 00

0,00 0.00 o.oo

0.00 0.00

0.00

o0.,o0o0

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

a.DO

0.00

0o..0oo0

0.00 0.04 0.00

0.00

0o..o0o0

0.00

0o..o0o0

Q.00

0.00 0.00

0.02 0.00

0.00 0. 00

0,00 0.00

0.00 0. 00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0. 00

2.50 0.00 0. 00

0,00 0,00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.41

o.oo o.oo 35,BS

0.00 0.00 0,02

0.00 0.00 8.39

0.00 0.00

0.00

o0,,o0o0

0.00

o0oo....oo01o0a4

0.00 0.0~

5 Pages 41-50

▲back to top

5.1 Page 41

▲back to top

TABLE 12

Corimerciat &Artisanat fisheries sunmary

COMMERCIAL AND ARTISANAL

PRODUCTION

CENTRAL DIVISION MARKETS

Suva

Navua

Nausori

Korovou

WESTERN DIVISION MARKETS

Sigatoka

Nadi

Namaka

Lautoka

Tavua

RakiRaki

NORTHERN DIVISION MARKETS

Labasa

Sub - total (a)

Fresh Fish

Non - Fish

Smokd & Sal td Fi sh

Weighted mean price

Weight(Mtl vatue($000l

----------------------

Weight(Mt) Value($000l

------------------- . -

W--e-i-g-h-t(-M--t)--V--a-l-u-e-($-0-0--0).

Fish($/Kg) S/S/F($/~g)

----------------------- '

0.00

'9.35

31.89

1. 41

0.00

52.39

98.80

3,75

297.63

27.88

168.72

8.09

227.33

12.33

150.58

3.37

est(0.5)

0.16

1.61

0. 10

est(2.00)

0.48

7.25

0,39

4."00

2.71

3.00

3. lO

4,50

2,66

3.90

3.63

13 .30

20.98

13.35

0.64

2.84

96.04

284.76

80.22

78.52

0,69

3.70

11.85

36.72

0.00

0,00

0.00

179.77

564.18 190.91

144.86

0.63

3.36

106.85 316.18 123.92

96.25

0.34

1.71

49.46

136.86

69.27

49.48

0.43

2.09

35.82

100.33

29.85

24.96

0.03

0.14

3.66

4.44

2, 97

5.36

3.10

3.14

5.33

2. 96

5.03

2.77

4.86

2.80

4..67

82. 33

171.64

32.18

618.40 1,778.91 1,049.65

67.90

868.93

20.74

25.37

90.86

112 . 82

2.08

4.38

2.88

4.45

CENTRAL OIV[SION OUT(ETS

Nabukulau Creek

235.92

823 . 16

40.51

96.24

0. 09

0.35

Laqere

128.79

416.83

4.97

35.52

Roadsides

765.48 2,741.67 254.20

148.31

Hotels Rests &Cafes

88.85

310.94

10.11

86.69

Butchers &Fish dealers 738.04 2,583.04

0.57

4.89

Shops &Supennarkets

501.14 1,753.99

9.94

80.50

Auxi l lary Unit

81.57

171.37

3.54

19.71

WESTERN DIVISION OUTLETS

Roadsides

Hotels Rests &cafes

Butchers &Fish dealers

Shops &Supermarkets

256.55

357.61

62. 50

114.27

687.58

1,037.04"

181. 25

331.33

45.14

71.34

0.06

1.56

200.99

621.56

0 . 54

14.19

NORTHERN DIVISION ·OUTLETS

Hotels Rests & cares

Butchers & Fish dealers

Shops &Supermarkets

Auxi llary Unit

14.80

572.60

104.02

101.87

33. 57

1,298.93

236.20

217.04

1.10

97.87

10·,55

7,57

6.37

499.92

62 . 47

26.73

Sub - total (bl

Grand total Cal+(bl

4,124 .01 12,823.93 559.33

4,742.41 14,602.84 1,608.98

1,904.63

2,773.56

0.09

25 .46

0.35

113.17

S/S/F = Smoked & salted fish

5.2 Page 42

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TABLE 13

FISHERIES SECTOR IMPORTS TO FIJI, 1989

TABLE 14

FISHERIES SECTOR EXPORTS FROM FIJI - 1989

Item Description

Unit Quantity

Value

Unit Val

OTHFFE1iRsshhiE.nnXgePOttgR1TenSagrOF INTEREST (Kg)

5.03

zaB 10.80

OTHER IMPORTS OF INTEREST TO THE FISHERIES SECTOR

Fi:;h Liver oj l

otner t1s.J:l 01 £

n~ade fish.nets

; <sn:r1arn;iigc ot1est1f1111n9l!ts

gn utt ~uaar~r ss p<>e~g~l\\wsJ

F1es ar uvnsesse s

!NNNoooo....l

\\./or2 ~1es r1 u_ngepaar rts

1vorv,· shell,

Trochus but tons

GRANO-TOTAL-(ALLJ

16,140,501

------

TABLE 15

FISHERIES SECTOR RE-EXPORTS FROM FIJI - 1989

Item Description

Unit Quantity Value Unit Val

B~reare~hsnapper

smo f fish

Cang a Squ1

Cann~

F1s 1n

mp1naetckthse.arer

F1s ini netting

Nafura nets

8 Ocuuttuarr~spe<~ ~\\sJ

3gFrJ s~ei, ~oral etc

[NNoo. .l

~:~

,1!~!:\\,.~~

:rn

1~88:~6

5.3 Page 43

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HAWKSBILL TURTLE

11TAKU 11

The hawksbill turtle or taku (Eretmoche/ys imbricata) is one

of the two 11common11 turtles in Fiji, together with the green

turtle (Chelonia mydas), and has a very significant place in

Fijian culture. In previous years turtles were reserved for

chiefly use, and this is still the case in certain areas. How-

ever, turtles are by no means as common as they once

were, and rural peoples are now hard-pressed to catch

enough turtles to fulfil traditional obligations.

The Hawksbill turtle is a topical issue because of the recent

escalation in exports of raw turtle shell from Fiji, which fur-

ther threatens the resource. Many countries have now pro-

hibited the export of raw turtle shell and the importing na-

tions (mainly Japan) are now having to concentrate on just

a few sources of supply.

Turtles are much slower growing than was once thought.

For example, Green turtles are now estimated to take 25 to

30 years to reach sexual maturity, which makes it even

more necessary for fishermen to limit their catches. In Fiji, it

is illegal to catch turtles in the months of November, De-

cember, January and February, and it is illegal to take or

even disturb turtle eggs at any time.

Turtle culture is not likely to solve the problem. Turtles do

not easily breed in captivity, and grow very slowly. The

hatching of eggs collected from the beach, under pro-

tected conditions, has never been proved to be of assist-

ance in increasing wild stocks. The only reliable answer is

to reduce our catch before it is too late.